尼日利亚南部地区小学生屈光不正筛查

Screening of primary school children for refractive error in South-South Nigeria.

作者信息

Opubiri Ibeinmo, Pedro-Egbe Chinyere Nnenne

机构信息

Department of Ophthalmology, Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.

出版信息

Ethiop J Health Sci. 2012 Jul;22(2):129-34.

PMID:22876077

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3407836/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Vision screening study in primary school children has not been done in Bayelsa State, South-South Nigeria. This study was therefore conducted to screen primary school children for refractive error in Bayelsa State and use the data to plan for an effective school Eye Health Program.

METHODS

A cross sectional study on screening for refractive error in school children was carried out in Yenagoa Local Government Area of Bayelsa State in June 2009. A multistage sampling technique was used to select the study population (pupils aged 5-15 years). Visual acuity for each eye was assessed by an Ophthalmic nurse and Optometrist outside the classroom, at 6 meters distance. Those with visual acuity of 6/9 or less were presented with a pinhole and the test repeated. Improvement of visual acuity with pinhole was considered refractive error. Funduscopy was done inside a poorly lit classroom. Data was analyzed with EPI INFO version 6.

RESULTS

A total of 1,242 (658 females and 584 males) Pupils were examined. About 97.7% of eyes had normal vision of 6/6 while 49 out of 56 eyes, with visual acuity of 6/9 or less, improved with pinhole. Twenty seven pupils had refractive error, giving a prevalence of 2.2%. Refractive error involved both eyes in 22 pupils (81.5%) with the 8-10 years age range having the highest proportion (40.7%) of cases followed by 11-13 years age range (37.0%).

CONCLUSION

The prevalence of refractive error in school children in Bayelsa State, South-South Nigeria was low.

摘要

背景

尼日利亚南南地区的巴耶尔萨州尚未对小学生进行视力筛查研究。因此，开展本研究以筛查巴耶尔萨州小学生的屈光不正情况，并利用这些数据规划有效的学校眼健康项目。

方法

2009年6月，在巴耶尔萨州耶那戈阿地方政府辖区对在校儿童进行屈光不正筛查的横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样技术选取研究人群（5 - 15岁的学生）。由眼科护士和验光师在教室外6米距离处评估每只眼睛的视力。视力为6/9或更低的学生使用针孔镜，并重复测试。针孔镜使视力提高被视为屈光不正。在光线昏暗的教室内进行眼底镜检查。数据采用EPI INFO 6版本进行分析。

结果

共检查了1242名学生（658名女生和584名男生）。约97.7%的眼睛视力正常为6/6，而56只视力为6/9或更低的眼睛中，有49只使用针孔镜后视力提高。27名学生有屈光不正，患病率为2.2%。22名学生（81.5%）双眼存在屈光不正，8 - 10岁年龄组病例比例最高（40.7%），其次是11 - 13岁年龄组（37.0%）。