Signes-Soler Isabel, Hernández-Verdejo José Luis, Estrella Lumeras Miguel Angel, Tomás Verduras Elena, Piñero David P
Non-governmental Organization Vision Without Borders (Visio Sense Fronteres), Alicante 03710, Spain; School of Advanced Education, Research and Accreditation (SAERA), Castellón de la Plana 12001, Spain.
Non-governmental Organization Vision Without Borders (Visio Sense Fronteres), Alicante 03710, Spain; Faculty of Optics and Optometry, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid 28037, Spain.
Int J Ophthalmol. 2017 Mar 18;10(3):467-472. doi: 10.18240/ijo.2017.03.22. eCollection 2017.
To evaluate the distribution of refractive error in young subjects in a rural area of Paraguay in the context of an international cooperation campaign for the prevention of blindness.
A sample of 1466 young subjects (ranging from 3 to 22 years old), with a mean age of 11.21±3.63 years old, were examined to assess their distance visual acuity (VA) and refractive error. The first screening examination performed by trained volunteers, included visual acuity testing, autokeratometry and non-cycloplegic autorefraction. Inclusion criteria for a second complete cycloplegic eye examination by an optometrist were VA <20/25 (0.10 logMAR or 0.8 decimal) and/or corneal astigmatism ≥1.50 D.
An uncorrected distance VA of 0 logMAR (1.0 decimal) was found in 89.2% of children. VA <20/25 and/or corneal astigmatism ≥1.50 D was found in 3.9% of children (=57), with a prevalence of hyperopia of 5.2% (0.2% of the total) in this specific group. Furthermore, myopia (spherical equivalent ≤-0.5 D) was found in 37.7% of the refracted children (0.5% of the total). The prevalence of refractive astigmatism (cylinder ≤-1.50 D) was 15.8% (0.6% of the total). Visual impairment (VI) (0.05≤VA≤0.3) was found in 12/114 (0.4%) of the refracted eyes. Main causes for VI were refractive error (58%), retinal problems (17%, 2/12), albinism (17%, 2/12) and unknown (8%, 1/12).
A low prevalence of refractive error has been found in this rural area of Paraguay, with higher prevalence of myopia than of hyperopia.
在一项预防失明的国际合作行动背景下，评估巴拉圭农村地区年轻人群的屈光不正分布情况。
对1466名年轻受试者（年龄在3至22岁之间，平均年龄为11.21±3.63岁）进行检查，以评估其远视力（VA）和屈光不正情况。由经过培训的志愿者进行的首次筛查检查包括视力测试、自动角膜曲率计测量和非散瞳自动验光。验光师进行第二次完整散瞳眼部检查的纳入标准为VA<20/25（0.10 logMAR或0.8小数）和/或角膜散光≥1.50 D。
89.2%的儿童未矫正远视力为0 logMAR（1.0小数）。3.9%（=57）的儿童存在VA<20/25和/或角膜散光≥1.50 D，在这一特定组中远视患病率为5.2%（占总数的0.2%）。此外，在接受验光的儿童中，37.7%（占总数的0.5%）患有近视（等效球镜度≤-0.5 D）。屈光性散光（柱镜度≤-1.50 D）的患病率为15.8%（占总数的0.6%）。在接受验光的眼睛中，12/114（0.4%）存在视力损害（VI）（0.05≤VA≤0.3）。VI的主要原因是屈光不正（58%）、视网膜问题（17%，2/12）、白化病（17%，2/12）和不明原因（8%，1/12）。
在巴拉圭的这个农村地区，屈光不正患病率较低，近视患病率高于远视患病率。
