一项在门诊环境下，使用具有游戏元素的计算机执行功能矫正训练治疗 ADHD 儿童的疗效的初步研究：父母和教师评定的执行功能和 ADHD 行为的结果。
A pilot study of the efficacy of a computerized executive functioning remediation training with game elements for children with ADHD in an outpatient setting: outcome on parent- and teacher-rated executive functioning and ADHD behavior.
机构信息
Leuven University, Belgium University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
Lucertis, Outpatient Children's Psychiatric Clinic, Beverwijk/Zaandam, Netherlands.
出版信息
J Atten Disord. 2014 Nov;18(8):699-712. doi: 10.1177/1087054712453167. Epub 2012 Aug 9.
OBJECTIVE
This pilot study tested the short- and long-term efficacy (9 weeks follow-up) of an executive functioning (EF) remediation training with game elements for children with ADHD in an outpatient clinical setting, using a randomized controlled wait-list design. Furthermore, in a subsample, that is, those treated with methylphenidate, additive effects of the EF training were assessed.
METHOD
A total of 40 children (aged 8-12 years) were randomized to the EF training or wait-list. The training consisted of a 25-session training of inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and working memory. Treatment outcome was assessed by parent- and teacher-rated EF, ADHD, oppositional deviant disorder, and conduct disorder symptoms.
RESULTS
Children in the EF training showed significantly more improvement than those in the wait-list condition on parent-rated EF and ADHD behavior in the total sample and in the subsample treated with methylphenidate. Effects were maintained at follow-up.
CONCLUSION
This pilot study shows promising evidence for the efficacy of an EF training with game elements.
目的
本初步研究采用随机对照等待名单设计，在门诊临床环境中，测试具有游戏元素的执行功能（EF）矫正训练对 ADHD 儿童的短期和长期疗效（9 周随访）。此外，在亚样本中，即接受哌醋甲酯治疗的儿童中，评估了 EF 训练的附加效果。
方法
共有 40 名（8-12 岁）儿童被随机分配到 EF 训练或等待名单组。训练包括 25 次抑制、认知灵活性和工作记忆的训练。通过父母和教师评定的 EF、ADHD、对立违抗性障碍和品行障碍症状来评估治疗效果。
结果
在总样本和接受哌醋甲酯治疗的亚样本中，EF 训练组的儿童在父母评定的 EF 和 ADHD 行为方面的改善明显优于等待名单组。在随访中仍保持效果。
结论
本初步研究为具有游戏元素的 EF 训练的疗效提供了有希望的证据。
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