[不同饮食模式对中国城乡地区大学新生骨密度和体重指数的影响]
[Influence of different dietary patterns on bone mineral density and body mass index of college freshmen in urban and rural areas of China].
作者信息
Wang Su-fang, Mu Min, Ruan Liang, Zhao Qi-hong, Bo Qing-li, Li Li, Sheng Jie
机构信息
School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
出版信息
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2012 Jun;33(6):572-5.
OBJECTIVE
To find out the differences of dietary patterns among freshmen coming from urban and rural areas that might have influenced their bone mineral density and body mass index (BMI).
METHODS
With stratified random sampling method, dietary patterns and their bone mineral density, BMI of 1319 freshmen were studied.
RESULTS
(1) The ratios of urban freshmen who chose "western food" pattern (χ(2) = 31.548, P = 0.000; χ(2) = 13.068, P = 0.001), "animal food" pattern (χ(2) = 8.279, P = 0.016; χ(2) = 41.137, P = 0.000) or "calcium food" pattern (χ(2) = 37.254, P = 0.000; χ(2) = 15.651, P = 0.000) were higher than that of rural freshmen, and the ratios of rural freshmen who chose "Chinese traditional" pattern (χ(2) = 36.194, P = 0.000; χ(2) = 25.936, P = 0.000) were higher than that of urban freshmen. (2) The average height, weight, BMI, speed of sound (SOS) of male freshmen from rural areas were lower than that from the city and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Among those female freshmen, only height and weight were significantly different (P < 0.05). (3) In both rural and urban freshmen, the factor scores of "western food" pattern had a positive correlation with BMI, with the correlation coefficients as 0.187, 0.192, 0.551, 0.465 (P < 0.001). The factor scores of "calcium food" pattern were positively related to bone mineral density (SOS values) with correlation coefficients as 0.680, 0.342, 0.841, 0.786, P < 0.001 respectively. The factor scores on "Chinese traditional" pattern were negatively correlated with BMI, with correlation coefficients as -0.223, -0.093 (P < 0.05) which were positively related to bone mineral density (SOS values) in both rural and urban male freshmen, with correlation coefficients as 0.905, 0.711 (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Different dietary patterns chosen by urban and rural freshmen had a significant impact on both bone mineral density and BMI.
目的
探究来自城乡地区的大一新生的饮食模式差异，这些差异可能会影响他们的骨密度和体重指数（BMI）。
方法
采用分层随机抽样方法，对1319名大一新生的饮食模式及其骨密度、BMI进行研究。
结果
（1）选择“西餐”模式（χ(2)=31.548，P=0.000；χ(2)=13.068，P=0.001）、“动物性食物”模式（χ(2)=8.279，P=0.016；χ(2)=41.137，P=0.000）或“补钙食物”模式（χ(2)=37.254，P=0.000；χ(2)=15.651，P=0.000）的城市大一新生比例高于农村大一新生，而选择“中国传统”模式（χ(2)=36.194，P=0.000；χ(2)=25.936，P=0.000）的农村大一新生比例高于城市大一新生。（2）农村地区男性大一新生的平均身高、体重、BMI、声速（SOS）低于城市地区，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。在女性大一新生中，只有身高和体重存在显著差异（P<0.05）。（3）在农村和城市大一新生中，“西餐”模式的因子得分与BMI呈正相关，相关系数分别为0.187、0.192、0.551、0.465（P<0.001）。“补钙食物”模式的因子得分与骨密度（SOS值）呈正相关，相关系数分别为0.680、0.342、0.841、0.786，P<0.001。“中国传统”模式的因子得分与BMI呈负相关，相关系数分别为-0.223、-0.093（P<0.05），在农村和城市男性大一新生中与骨密度（SOS值）呈正相关，相关系数分别为0.905、0.711（P<0.001）。
结论
城乡大一新生选择的不同饮食模式对骨密度和BMI均有显著影响。
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