Vascular Biotechnology Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2012 May;22(4):105-11. doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2012.07.004. Epub 2012 Aug 11.
Targeted delivery or "smart delivery" of pharmaceutical or imaging agents and even entire cells such as stem cells is an emerging trend in modern biotechnology. A binding ligand such as an antibody that can specifically bind to receptors expressed at a disease site is an essential component of such constructs. Different chemical methods have been widely used to apply antibodies for delivery systems; however, they typically result in impairment or loss of antibody functionality. Enzyme-mediated conjugation approaches have been developed to overcome this major disadvantage of conventional chemical methods. Sortase, an enzyme derived from Staphylococcus aureus, is able to provide a biochemically robust, highly reproducible, and site-specific coupling method for the conjugation of antibodies to pharmaceutical agents, nanoparticles, and cells for drug delivery, molecular imaging, and cell homing. Here, we review the use of sortase and other enzyme-based methods as bioconjugation tools with a focus on cardiovascular applications.
靶向递药或“智能递药”，即将药物或成像剂甚至整个细胞（如干细胞）递送至疾病部位，是现代生物技术的新兴趋势。结合配体（如能与疾病部位表达的受体特异性结合的抗体）是此类构建体的重要组成部分。为了将抗体应用于递药系统，已经广泛应用了不同的化学方法；然而，这些方法通常会导致抗体功能受损或丧失。酶介导的偶联方法已被开发出来，以克服传统化学方法的这一主要缺点。来源于金黄色葡萄球菌的 sortase 酶能够为抗体与药物、纳米颗粒和细胞的偶联提供一种生物化学稳定、高度重现且定点的方法，从而实现药物递药、分子成像和细胞归巢。本文我们将对 sortase 酶及其他基于酶的方法在心血管领域的应用进行综述，重点介绍其作为生物偶联工具的用途。
