Darke S, Hall W, Carless J
National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.
Br J Addict. 1990 Dec;85(12):1603-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1990.tb01649.x.
This paper examines drug use, injection practices, and sexual behaviour in a sample of 100 opioid users, both in and out of current opiate treatment. Approximately three-quarters of subjects reported that they had used more than one illicit substance in the month prior to being interviewed. Needle sharing was common, with 29% of subjects having used a needle in the past month after it had been used by someone else, and 25% having passed on a needle after they had used it. The level of condom use was low, with 66.7% of subjects never having used a condom with their regular partner in the month prior to interview, and 20.7% of subjects who had engaged in sex with a casual partner during this period not having used a condom. Variables which were predictive of HIV risk-taking behaviour in relation to needle use were poly-drug use, not being in current treatment, and level of heroin use. Only age was predictive of risky sexual behaviour, with younger subjects being associated with more risk-taking behaviour. It was concluded that while opiate treatment was associated with lower levels of risky injecting practices, there was no association between treatment and safer sexual practices. Given the importance of sexual transmission of HIV more attention needs to be given to the sexual risk-taking behaviour of intravenous drug users.
本文调查了100名阿片类药物使用者样本中的药物使用、注射行为和性行为，这些使用者有的正在接受阿片类药物治疗，有的则未接受治疗。约四分之三的受试者报告称，在接受访谈前的一个月内，他们使用过不止一种非法药物。共用针头的情况很常见，29%的受试者在过去一个月内使用过他人用过的针头，25%的受试者在自己用过针头后又将其传给他人。避孕套的使用率很低，66.7%的受试者在接受访谈前的一个月内从未与固定性伴侣使用过避孕套，20.7%在此期间与临时性伴侣发生过性行为的受试者未使用避孕套。与针头使用相关的、可预测艾滋病毒风险行为的变量包括多药使用、未接受当前治疗以及海洛因使用量。只有年龄可预测危险性行为，年龄较小的受试者与更多的冒险行为相关。研究得出结论，虽然阿片类药物治疗与较低水平的危险注射行为相关，但治疗与更安全性行为之间并无关联。鉴于艾滋病毒性传播的重要性，需要更加关注静脉注射吸毒者的性冒险行为。
