Department of Anaesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Med Educ. 2012 Sep;46(9):838-49. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2012.04322.x.
The effect of teamwork on team performance is broadly recognised in the medical field. This recognition is manifested in educational programmes in which attention to interpersonal behaviours during teamwork is growing. Conflict and power differences influence interpersonal behaviours and are marked topics in studies of group functioning in the social and organisational psychology literature. Insights from the domain of social sciences put the ongoing improvement of teamwork into broader perspective.
This paper shows how knowledge from the domain of social and organisational psychology contributes to the understanding of teamwork in the medical environment. More specifically, this paper suggests that unfolding the underlying issues of power and conflict within medical teams can be of extra help in the development of educational interventions aimed at improving team performance.
We review the key social psychology and organisational behaviour literature concerning power and conflict, and relate the insights derived from this to the team process of ad hoc medical action teams.
We present a theoretical framework in which insights into power and conflict are used to explain and predict team dynamics in ad hoc medical action teams.
Power and conflict strongly influence interpersonal behaviour. Characteristics of medical action teams give rise to all kinds of issues of disagreement and are accompanied by complex issues of intra-team power distribution. We argue that how team members coordinate, cooperate and communicate is steered by members' personal motivations, which, in turn, strongly depend on their perceptions of power and conflict. Given the importance of the performance of these teams, we suggest future directions for the development of training interventions building on knowledge and theories derived from social and organisational psychology.
团队合作对团队绩效的影响在医学领域得到广泛认可。这种认可体现在教育项目中，越来越关注团队合作期间的人际行为。冲突和权力差异会影响人际行为，并且是社会心理学和组织心理学文献中群体功能研究的显著主题。来自社会科学领域的观点将团队合作的不断改进置于更广阔的视角。
本文展示了社会和组织心理学领域的知识如何有助于理解医学环境中的团队合作。更具体地说，本文认为，揭示医疗团队内部的权力和冲突问题，可以帮助我们更好地制定旨在提高团队绩效的教育干预措施。
我们回顾了有关权力和冲突的关键社会心理学和组织行为文献，并将从中得出的见解与临时医疗行动团队的团队流程联系起来。
我们提出了一个理论框架，其中权力和冲突的见解用于解释和预测临时医疗行动团队的团队动态。
权力和冲突强烈影响人际行为。医疗行动团队的特点引发了各种意见不合的问题，并伴随着复杂的团队内部权力分配问题。我们认为，团队成员的协调、合作和沟通方式受到成员个人动机的影响，而这些动机又强烈取决于他们对权力和冲突的看法。鉴于这些团队的表现至关重要，我们建议未来根据社会和组织心理学的知识和理论发展培训干预措施。
