Ifakara Health Institute, P.O. Box 78373, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
BMC Public Health. 2012 Jul 29;12:569. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-569.
The HIV/AIDS pandemic remains a leading challenge for global health. Although condoms are acknowledged for their key role on preventing HIV transmission, low and inappropriate use of condoms persists in Tanzania and elsewhere in Africa. This study assesses factors affecting acceptability of condom promotion and distribution among adolescents in Mpwapwa and Mbeya rural districts of Tanzania.
Data were collected in 2011 as part of a larger cross-sectional survey on condom use among 10-19 year-olds in Mpwapwa and Mbeya rural districts of Tanzania using a structured questionnaire. Associations between acceptability of condom promotion and distribution and each of the explanatory variables were tested using Chi Square. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to examine independent predictors of the acceptability of condom promotion and distribution using STATA (11) statistical software at 5% significance level.
Mean age of the 1,327 adolescent participants (50.5% being males) was 13.5 years (SD = 1.4). Acceptance of condom promotion and distribution was found among 37% (35% in Mpwapwa and 39% in Mbeya rural) of the adolescents. Being sexually active and aged 15-19 was the strongest predictor of the acceptability of condom promotion and distribution (OR = 7.78, 95% CI 4.65-12.99). Others were; not agreeing that a condom is effective in preventing transmissions of STIs including HIV (OR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.20-0.56), being a resident of Mbeya rural district (OR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.28-2.19), feeling comfortable being seen by parents/guardians holding/buying condoms (OR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.40-3.46) and living with a guardian (OR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.08-2.04).
Acceptability of condom promotion and distribution among adolescents in Mpwapwa and Mbeya rural is low. Effect of sexual activity on the acceptability of condom promotion and distribution is age-dependent and was the strongest. Feeling comfortable being seen by parents/guardians buying or holding condoms, perceived ability of condoms to offer protection against HIV/AIDS infections, district of residence and living arrangements also offered significant predictive effect. Knowledge of these factors is vital in designing successful and sustainable condom promotion and distribution programs in Tanzania.
艾滋病仍然是全球卫生的主要挑战。尽管避孕套在预防艾滋病毒传播方面被认为具有关键作用，但在坦桑尼亚和非洲其他地方，避孕套的低使用率和不当使用仍然存在。本研究评估了影响坦桑尼亚姆万扎和姆贝亚农村地区青少年接受避孕套推广和分发的因素。
2011 年，作为坦桑尼亚姆万扎和姆贝亚农村地区 10-19 岁青少年使用避孕套情况的更大横断面调查的一部分，使用结构化问卷收集了数据。使用 Chi Square 检验了避孕套推广和分发的可接受性与每个解释变量之间的关联。使用 STATA（11）统计软件在 5%的显著性水平下，使用多变量逻辑回归模型检验了避孕套推广和分发的可接受性的独立预测因子。
1327 名青少年参与者（50.5%为男性）的平均年龄为 13.5 岁（SD=1.4）。37%（姆万扎 35%，姆贝亚农村 39%）的青少年接受了避孕套的推广和分发。性活跃和 15-19 岁是接受避孕套推广和分发的最强预测因子（OR=7.78，95%CI 4.65-12.99）。其他因素包括：不同意避孕套在预防性传播感染（包括艾滋病毒）方面有效（OR=0.34，95%CI 0.20-0.56）；居住在姆贝亚农村地区（OR=1.67，95%CI 1.28-2.19）；在父母/监护人面前持有/购买避孕套时感到舒适（OR=2.20，95%CI 1.40-3.46）；与监护人一起生活（OR=1.48，95%CI 1.08-2.04）。
姆万扎和姆贝亚农村地区青少年对避孕套推广和分发的接受程度较低。性活动对避孕套推广和分发的可接受性的影响取决于年龄，是最强的影响因素。在父母/监护人面前购买或持有避孕套时感到舒适、避孕套提供预防艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染的能力、居住地和生活安排也具有显著的预测作用。了解这些因素对于在坦桑尼亚设计成功和可持续的避孕套推广和分发计划至关重要。
