Department of Chemistry, Federal University of de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, MG, Brazil.
Molecules. 2012 Aug 14;17(8):9728-40. doi: 10.3390/molecules17089728.
The chemical composition of the volatile oils from five Anacardiaceae species and their activities against Gram positive and negative bacteria were assessed. The peroxidative damage within bacterial cell membranes was determined through the breakdown product malondialdehyde (MDA). The major constituents in Anacardium humile leaves oil were (E)-caryophyllene (31.0%) and α-pinene (22.0%), and in Anacardium occidentale oil they were (E)-caryophyllene (15.4%) and germacrene-D (11.5%). Volatile oil from Astronium fraxinifolium leaves were dominated by (E)-β-ocimene (44.1%) and α-terpinolene (15.2%), whilst the oil from Myracrodruon urundeuva contained an abundance of δ-3-carene (78.8%). However, Schinus terebinthifolius leaves oil collected in March and July presented different chemical compositions. The oils from all species, except the one from A. occidentale, exhibited varying levels of antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli. Oil extracted in July from S. terebinthifolius was more active against all bacterial strains than the corresponding oil extracted in March. The high antibacterial activity of the M. urundeuva oil could be ascribed to its high δ-3-carene content. The amounts of MDA generated within bacterial cells indicate that the volatile oils induce lipid peroxidation. The results suggest that one putative mechanism of antibacterial action of these volatile oils is pro-oxidant damage within bacterial cell membrane explaining in part their preservative properties.
评估了 5 种漆树科物种的挥发性油的化学成分及其对革兰氏阳性和阴性细菌的活性。通过丙二醛（MDA）等分解产物来测定细菌细胞膜内的过氧化损伤。在短叶相思树叶子油中，主要成分为(E)-石竹烯（31.0%）和α-蒎烯（22.0%），而在西方漆树油中，主要成分为(E)-石竹烯（15.4%）和大根香叶烯-D（11.5%）。Astronium fraxinifolium 叶子的挥发性油主要由(E)-β-罗勒烯（44.1%）和α-松油醇（15.2%）组成，而 Myracrodruon urundeuva 油则含有丰富的δ-3-蒈烯（78.8%）。然而，Schinus terebinthifolius 叶子油在 3 月和 7 月采集的化学组成不同。除了西方漆树之外，所有物种的油都表现出对金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡状芽孢杆菌和大肠杆菌不同程度的抗菌活性。7 月从 S. terebinthifolius 提取的油对所有细菌菌株的活性均高于 3 月提取的相应油。M. urundeuva 油具有高抗菌活性，可归因于其高含量的 δ-3-蒈烯。细菌细胞内 MDA 生成量表明挥发性油可诱导脂质过氧化。结果表明，这些挥发性油的一种潜在抗菌作用机制是细菌细胞膜内的促氧化损伤，部分解释了它们的防腐性能。
