学术家庭医学诊所的跨专业初级保健：对教育和培训的影响。
Interprofessional primary care in academic family medicine clinics: implications for education and training.
机构信息
Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB.
出版信息
Can Fam Physician. 2012 Aug;58(8):e450-8.
OBJECTIVE
To explore the status and processes of interprofessional work environments and the implications for interprofessional education in a sample of family medicine teaching clinics.
DESIGN
Focus group interviews using a purposive sampling procedure.
SETTING
Four academic family medicine clinics in Alberta.
PARTICIPANTS
Seven family physicians, 9 registered nurses, 5 licensed practical nurses, 2 residents, 1 psychologist, 1 informatics specialist, 1 pharmacist, 1 dietitian, 1 nurse practitioner, 1 receptionist, and 1 respiratory therapist.
METHODS
Assessment of clinic status and performance in relation to established principles of interprofessional work and education was explored using semistructured focus group interviews.
MAIN FINDINGS
Our data supported the D'Amour and Oandasan model of successful interprofessional collaborative practice in terms of the model's main "factors" (ie, shared goals and vision, sense of belonging, governance, and the structuring of clinical care) and their constituent "elements." It is reasonable to conclude that the extent to which these factors and elements are both present and positively oriented in academic clinic settings is an important contributory factor to the establishment of interprofessional collaborative practice in primary care. Using this model, 2 of the 4 clinics were rated as expressing substantial progress in relation to interprofessional work, while the other 2 clinics were rated as less successful on that dimension. None of the clinics was identified as having a clear and explicit focus on providing interprofessional education.
CONCLUSION
The key factor in relation to the implementation of interprofessional work in primary care appears to be the existence of clear and explicit leadership in that direction. Substantial scope exists for improvement in the organization, conduct, and promotion of interprofessional education for Canadian primary care.
目的
探索家庭医学教学诊所中跨专业工作环境的现状和过程，以及对跨专业教育的影响。
设计
采用目的抽样程序的焦点小组访谈。
地点
艾伯塔省的 4 个学术家庭医学诊所。
参与者
7 名家庭医生、9 名注册护士、5 名执业护士、2 名住院医师、1 名心理学家、1 名信息专家、1 名药剂师、1 名营养师、1 名护士从业者、1 名接待员和 1 名呼吸治疗师。
方法
使用半结构化焦点小组访谈评估与既定的跨专业工作和教育原则相关的诊所现状和绩效。
主要发现
我们的数据支持 D'Amour 和 Oandasan 的成功跨专业协作实践模型，就该模型的主要“因素”（即共同目标和愿景、归属感、治理以及临床护理的结构）及其组成“要素”而言。可以合理地得出结论，这些因素和要素在学术诊所环境中存在的程度及其积极取向程度是在初级保健中建立跨专业协作实践的一个重要促成因素。使用该模型，4 个诊所中有 2 个在跨专业工作方面被评为取得了实质性进展，而另外 2 个在这方面的评价较低。没有一个诊所被认为明确关注提供跨专业教育。
结论
在初级保健中实施跨专业工作的关键因素似乎是朝着这一方向明确和明确的领导。加拿大初级保健的组织、开展和促进跨专业教育还有很大的改进空间。
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