Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan.
Endocr J. 2012;59(9):745-63. doi: 10.1507/endocrj.ej12-0228. Epub 2012 Aug 12.
Obesity is less common in the Asian population, but Asian people may be susceptible to obesity-associated metabolic dysregulation. Accumulating evidence suggests that insulin resistance is closely associated with ectopic fat accumulation in the liver. Whether this correlation is due to a causal relationship between the conditions has long been the subject of debate. Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes affects liver pathology, typically leading to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by dynamically altering the hepatic genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. Conversely, how overnutrition induces hepatic insulin resistance has been studied intensively, and has been shown to involve excessive energy flux into mitochondria, toxic lipids, reactive oxygen species, and hepatokines. In this review, we focus on NAFLD both as a consequence and as a cause of insulin resistance through lessons learned from the liver of patients with type 2 diabetes.
肥胖在亚洲人群中较少见，但亚洲人可能易患与肥胖相关的代谢失调。越来越多的证据表明，胰岛素抵抗与肝脏内异位脂肪积累密切相关。这种相关性是否是由于这两种情况之间存在因果关系，长期以来一直是争论的主题。胰岛素抵抗和 2 型糖尿病会影响肝脏病理，通常通过动态改变参与葡萄糖和脂质代谢的肝基因，导致非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD)。相反，营养过剩如何诱导肝胰岛素抵抗已被深入研究，研究表明这涉及过多的能量流入线粒体、毒性脂质、活性氧和肝激素。在这篇综述中，我们通过从 2 型糖尿病患者的肝脏中吸取的经验教训，重点关注非酒精性脂肪性肝病既是胰岛素抵抗的结果，也是其原因。
