National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, 735 State St Suite 300, Santa Barbara, California 93101, USA.
Nature. 2012 Aug 30;488(7413):615-20. doi: 10.1038/nature11397.
The ocean plays a critical role in supporting human well-being, from providing food, livelihoods and recreational opportunities to regulating the global climate. Sustainable management aimed at maintaining the flow of a broad range of benefits from the ocean requires a comprehensive and quantitative method to measure and monitor the health of coupled human–ocean systems. We created an index comprising ten diverse public goals for a healthy coupled human–ocean system and calculated the index for every coastal country. Globally, the overall index score was 60 out of 100 (range 36–86), with developed countries generally performing better than developing countries, but with notable exceptions. Only 5% of countries scored higher than 70, whereas 32% scored lower than 50. The index provides a powerful tool to raise public awareness, direct resource management, improve policy and prioritize scientific research.
海洋在支持人类福祉方面发挥着至关重要的作用，从提供食物、生计和娱乐机会，到调节全球气候。可持续管理旨在维持海洋带来的广泛利益流，需要一种全面和定量的方法来衡量和监测人类与海洋系统的健康状况。我们创建了一个包含十个不同的公共目标的指数，以衡量健康的人类与海洋系统，并且为每个沿海国家计算了该指数。在全球范围内，总体指数得分为 100 分中的 60 分（范围为 36-86 分），发达国家的表现通常优于发展中国家，但也有一些显著的例外。只有 5%的国家得分高于 70 分，而 32%的国家得分低于 50 分。该指数为提高公众意识、指导资源管理、改进政策和优先开展科学研究提供了一个强有力的工具。
