Institute on the Environment (IonE), University of Minnesota, 1954 Buford Avenue, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA.
Nature. 2011 Oct 12;478(7369):337-42. doi: 10.1038/nature10452.
Increasing population and consumption are placing unprecedented demands on agriculture and natural resources. Today, approximately a billion people are chronically malnourished while our agricultural systems are concurrently degrading land, water, biodiversity and climate on a global scale. To meet the world's future food security and sustainability needs, food production must grow substantially while, at the same time, agriculture's environmental footprint must shrink dramatically. Here we analyse solutions to this dilemma, showing that tremendous progress could be made by halting agricultural expansion, closing 'yield gaps' on underperforming lands, increasing cropping efficiency, shifting diets and reducing waste. Together, these strategies could double food production while greatly reducing the environmental impacts of agriculture.
人口增长和消费对农业和自然资源提出了前所未有的要求。如今，大约有 10 亿人长期营养不良，而与此同时，我们的农业系统正在全球范围内使土地、水、生物多样性和气候退化。为了满足世界未来的粮食安全和可持续性需求，粮食生产必须大幅增长，同时农业的环境足迹必须大幅缩小。在这里，我们分析了解决这一困境的方法，表明通过停止农业扩张、弥合低产土地的“产量差距”、提高作物效率、调整饮食结构和减少浪费，可以取得巨大的进展。这些策略加在一起，可以使粮食产量翻一番，同时大大减少农业对环境的影响。
