RAND Corporation, Arlington, VA 22202, USA.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2012 Oct;13(4):187-97. doi: 10.1177/1524838012454943. Epub 2012 Aug 16.
Millions of children each year are exposed to violence in their homes, schools, and communities as both witnesses and victims. As a result, evidence-based programs for children and adolescents who have been exposed to traumatic events (CEV-EBPs) have been widely disseminated but rarely evaluated in their real-world applications. One crucial aspect of conducting such evaluations is finding appropriate measures that can be of use both to the practitioner and to the researcher. This review aims to provide guidance to the field by first identifying any gaps in the availability of psychometrically tested measures for certain outcome domains and age ranges and then recommending the measures that are most appropriate for use by both researchers and practitioners. Interviews with content experts in the measurement of trauma symptoms and parent-child relationships were conducted to identify the key outcome domains for measurement that are critical to the evaluation of CEV-EBPs and the criteria for dual-use measures, defined as measures that are useful to both researchers and practitioners. A database of 46 relevant measures was created by compiling measures from existing repositories and conducting a focused literature review. Our review of these measures found that existing repositories had few measures of depression, a major gap that should be addressed. Further, there were few measures for young children ages 0-3 years (n = 15) and only a handful of measures (n = 9) had both a child and parent version of the measure. Overall, although the different repositories that currently exist are helpful, researchers and practitioners would benefit from having a single reputable source (e.g., a centralized repository or item bank) to access when searching for measures to use in evaluating CEV-EBPs. Such a tool would hold promising to narrow the current gap between research and practice in the field of children's exposure to violence.
每年都有数百万儿童在家庭、学校和社区中作为目击者和受害者而遭受暴力。因此，已经广泛传播了针对经历创伤性事件的儿童和青少年的循证计划（CEV-EBPs），但很少在实际应用中进行评估。进行此类评估的一个关键方面是找到适当的措施，这些措施对从业者和研究人员都有用。本综述旨在通过首先确定某些结果领域和年龄范围的心理测量测试措施是否存在差距，然后推荐最适合研究人员和从业者使用的措施，为该领域提供指导。对测量创伤症状和亲子关系的内容专家进行了访谈，以确定对 CEV-EBP 评估至关重要的关键结果领域，以及双重用途措施的标准，双重用途措施是指对研究人员和从业者都有用的措施。通过从现有存储库中编译措施并进行重点文献综述，创建了一个包含 46 个相关措施的数据库。我们对这些措施的审查发现，现有存储库中几乎没有衡量抑郁症的措施，这是一个亟待解决的主要差距。此外，针对 0-3 岁的幼儿的措施很少（n=15），只有少数措施（n=9）具有儿童和家长版本的措施。总体而言，尽管目前存在的不同存储库很有帮助，但研究人员和从业者将受益于拥有一个单一的可靠来源（例如，集中式存储库或项目库），以便在搜索用于评估 CEV-EBP 的措施时使用。这样的工具将有望缩小该领域儿童暴露于暴力的研究与实践之间的当前差距。
