Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT 06106, USA.
Neurobiol Aging. 2013 Jan;34(1):110-27. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2012.07.013. Epub 2012 Aug 15.
We examined performance and functional magnetic resonance imaging activity in participants (n = 235) aged 17-81 years on a nonverbal recognition memory task, figural memory. Reaction time, error rate, and response bias measures indicated that the youngest and oldest participants were faster, made fewer errors, and showed a more conservative response bias than participants in the median age ranges. Encoding and Recognition phases activated a distributed bilateral network encompassing prefrontal, subcortical, lateral, and medial temporal and occipital regions. Activation during Encoding phase did not correlate with age. During Recognition, task-related activation for correctly identified targets (Hit-Targets) correlated linearly positively with age; nontask related activity correlated negative quadratically with age. During correctly identified distractors (Hit-Distractors) activity in task-related regions correlated positive linearly with age, nontask activity showed positive and negative quadratic relationships with age. Missed-Targets activity did not correlate with age. We concluded that figural memory performance and functional magnetic resonance imaging activity during Recognition but not Encoding was affected both by continued maturation of the brain in the early 20s and compensatory recruitment of additional brain regions during recognition memory in old age.
我们在非言语识别记忆任务（图形记忆）中检查了 17-81 岁参与者（n=235）的表现和功能磁共振成像活动。反应时间、错误率和反应偏差指标表明，最年轻和最年长的参与者比中位数年龄范围内的参与者更快、错误更少，且反应偏差更保守。编码和识别阶段激活了一个分布在双侧的网络，包括前额叶、皮质下、外侧、内侧颞叶和枕叶区域。编码阶段的激活与年龄无关。在识别过程中，正确识别目标（击中目标）的任务相关激活与年龄呈线性正相关；非任务相关活动与年龄呈负二次相关。在正确识别的干扰项（击中干扰项）中，任务相关区域的活动与年龄呈正线性相关，非任务活动与年龄呈正二次和负二次关系。错过目标的活动与年龄无关。我们得出结论，图形记忆表现和识别过程中的功能磁共振成像活动受大脑在 20 岁出头的持续成熟以及老年识别记忆时额外大脑区域的代偿性招募的影响。
