Verhulst Brad, Hatemi Peter K, Eaves Lindon J
Virginia Commonwealth University.
Polit Psychol. 2012 Jun 1;3(3):375-393. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9221.2012.00882.x. Epub 2012 Apr 11.
Ideological preferences within the American electorate are contingent on both the environmental conditions that provide the content of the contemporary political debate and internal predispositions that motivate people to hold liberal or conservative policy preferences. In this article we apply Jost, Federico, and Napier's (2009) top-down/bottom-up theory of political attitude formation to a genetically informative population sample. In doing so, we further develop the theory by operationalizing the top-down pathway to be a function of the social environment and the bottom-up pathway as a latent set of genetic factors. By merging insights from psychology, behavioral genetics, and political science, we find strong support for the top-down/bottom-up framework that segregates the two independent pathways in the formation of political attitudes and identifies a different pattern of relationships between political attitudes at each level of analysis.
美国选民的意识形态偏好既取决于为当代政治辩论提供内容的环境条件，也取决于促使人们持有自由或保守政策偏好的内在倾向。在本文中，我们将乔斯特、费德里科和内皮尔（2009年）的政治态度形成的自上而下/自下而上理论应用于一个具有遗传信息的人口样本。在此过程中，我们通过将自上而下的途径操作为社会环境的函数，将自下而上的途径操作为一组潜在的遗传因素，进一步发展了该理论。通过融合心理学、行为遗传学和政治学的见解，我们发现了对自上而下/自下而上框架的有力支持，该框架在政治态度形成过程中区分了两条独立的途径，并在每个分析层面上确定了政治态度之间不同的关系模式。
