The University of Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 N. Campbell Ave, Box 245024, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
Curr Oncol Rep. 2012 Oct;14(5):458-67. doi: 10.1007/s11912-012-0256-6.
Controversy has emerged over the past decades regarding the value and impact of melanoma screening to detect early stage disease for improved prognosis. Those questioning the benefits of prevention efforts base their arguments on the absence of prospective, randomized studies demonstrating decreased melanoma mortality to justify the cost associated with screening and educational campaigns. For those in favor of melanoma screening, the lack of proven survival benefit is not a justification to abandon this approach, but rather a reflection of the lack of resources necessary to conduct a long-term trial. In 2009, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)report did not recommend routine primary care screening for the general population given the absence of evidence. However, since the USPSTF report, a series of new studies are available, which support the potential benefit of screening and have the potential to significantly impact current policies regarding skin cancer screening, particularly for melanoma.
在过去几十年中，关于黑色素瘤筛查的价值和影响存在争议，即筛查是否能早期发现疾病，从而改善预后。那些对预防措施的益处提出质疑的人，他们的论点是基于缺乏前瞻性、随机研究证明黑色素瘤死亡率降低，以证明与筛查和教育活动相关的成本是合理的。对于那些支持黑色素瘤筛查的人来说，缺乏已证实的生存获益并不是放弃这种方法的理由，而是反映出缺乏进行长期试验所需的资源。2009 年，美国预防服务工作组（USPSTF）的报告鉴于缺乏证据，不建议对普通人群进行常规初级保健筛查。然而，自 USPSTF 报告发布以来，出现了一系列新的研究，这些研究支持筛查的潜在益处，并有可能对当前关于皮肤癌筛查的政策产生重大影响，特别是对黑色素瘤。
