Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Psychol Med. 2013 Sep;43(9):1801-12. doi: 10.1017/S0033291712001894. Epub 2012 Aug 21.
Although aggressive (AGG) and non-aggressive rule-breaking (RB) dimensions of antisocial behavior have been shown to be differentially heritable, available studies have disagreed on the extent to which the genetic and environmental factors influencing AGG also influence RB. The current meta-analysis sought to clarify the extent of etiological overlap between AGG and RB. Method Thirteen twin/sibling studies examining the covariation between AGG and RB were collected, of which 11 (with 12 independent samples) were ultimately included in the analyses (n=12923 twin/sibling pairs). Genetic and environmental correlations between AGG and RB served as study effect sizes. When squared, these correlations directly index the proportion of genetic and environmental overlap. Data were analyzed using mixed effect models.
Analyses revealed that genetic influences on AGG were largely, but not entirely, distinct from those on RB: only 38.4% of the genetic influences on AGG overlapped with those on RB. Similarly, only 10.2% of the non-shared environmental influences on AGG overlapped with those on RB. Although the conclusion that etiological influences on AGG are partially distinct from those on RB persisted across several potential moderators, the age of the sample and the informant used were found to moderate the extent of overlap.
The findings underscore the presence of meaningful etiological distinctions between AGG and RB, and imply that future conceptualizations of antisocial behavior should be organized (at least in part) around the dimensions of AGG and RB.
尽管攻击性（AGG）和非攻击性违规（RB）这两个反社会行为维度已被证明具有不同的遗传性，但现有研究对于影响 AGG 的遗传和环境因素在多大程度上也影响 RB 存在分歧。本荟萃分析旨在阐明 AGG 和 RB 之间病因学重叠的程度。
收集了 13 项研究 AGG 和 RB 之间相互关系的双胞胎/兄弟姐妹研究，其中 11 项（具有 12 个独立样本）最终纳入分析（n=12923 对双胞胎/兄弟姐妹）。AGG 和 RB 之间的遗传和环境相关性作为研究效应量。当这些相关性被平方时，它们直接指数遗传和环境重叠的比例。使用混合效应模型进行数据分析。
分析表明，AGG 的遗传影响在很大程度上，但并非完全不同于 RB：AGG 遗传影响中只有 38.4%与 RB 遗传影响重叠。同样，AGG 的非共享环境影响中只有 10.2%与 RB 重叠。尽管在几个潜在的调节因素下，AGG 病因学影响部分独立于 RB 的结论仍然成立，但发现样本的年龄和使用的信息提供者会调节重叠的程度。
这些发现强调了 AGG 和 RB 之间存在有意义的病因学差异，并暗示未来对反社会行为的概念化应该围绕 AGG 和 RB 这两个维度来组织（至少部分如此）。
