Poultry Science Department, Texas AgriLife Research, Texas A&M System, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Poult Sci. 2012 Sep;91(9):2096-104. doi: 10.3382/ps.2012-02137.
An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary inclusion of Mycofix Select (Biomin GmbH, Herzogenburg, Austria) on discrete egg parameters and quality characteristics of hens fed mycotoxin-contaminated diets (aflatoxin; AFLA) and deoxynivalenol (DON)) during a 10-wk trial. A 4 × 2 factorial design was used with 4 contamination levels: control, low (0.5 mg/kg of AFLA + 1.0 mg/kg of DON), medium (1.5 mg/kg of AFLA + 1.5 mg/kg of DON), and high (2.0 mg/kg of AFLA + 2.0 mg/kg of DON) with or without the inclusion of mycotoxin deactivating compound. Three hundred and eighty-four 25-wk-old laying hens were housed 3 per cage. Birds were fed contaminated diets for a 6-wk phase of toxin administration followed by a 4-wk recovery phase, when all birds were fed mycotoxin-free diets. Parameters evaluated included egg weight, Haugh unit value, specific gravity, eggshell thickness, egg shape index, and relative albumen and yolk weights. Albumen height and Haugh unit value were depressed (P < 0.05) at the high mycotoxin level 2 wk postinclusion. Egg weight was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) with the high toxins level by the third week of toxin administration and remained throughout the study during toxin administration. Egg shape index indicated a variation (P < 0.05) in shape with all toxin levels compared with the control. Relative yolk weight was decreased (P < 0.05) by the high toxin level. An interaction existed between the deactivating compound inclusion and toxins level with regard to specific gravity. Following the toxin phase, the deactivating compound inclusion increased (P < 0.05) egg specific gravity in the control and low toxin groups whereas a decrease (P < 0.05) was observed at the high toxin level. These data indicate that mycotoxins present in feed can reduce egg quality, size, yolk weight, and alter egg shape and that inclusion of a mycotoxin deactivating compound can ameliorate some of the negative effects of mycotoxin consumption.
一项实验旨在确定在为期 10 周的试验中，日粮中添加 MycoFix Select（Biomin GmbH，奥地利赫佐根堡）对采食受霉菌毒素污染日粮（黄曲霉毒素；AFLA）和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）的母鸡的蛋鸡生产性能参数和蛋品质特性的影响。采用 4×2 因子设计，设置 4 个污染水平：对照、低（0.5mg/kg AFLA+1.0mg/kg DON）、中（1.5mg/kg AFLA+1.5mg/kg DON）和高（2.0mg/kg AFLA+2.0mg/kg DON），同时添加或不添加霉菌毒素钝化剂。384 只 25 周龄产蛋鸡每笼饲养 3 只。鸡群采食受污染日粮 6 周进行毒素攻毒，然后进行 4 周恢复阶段，此时所有鸡群采食无霉菌毒素日粮。评估的参数包括蛋重、哈夫单位值、比重、蛋壳厚度、蛋形指数和相对蛋白和蛋黄重量。攻毒后 2 周，高水平霉菌毒素组的蛋白高度和哈夫单位值降低（P<0.05）。攻毒第 3 周，高水平毒素组的蛋重显著降低（P<0.05），并在毒素攻毒期间一直持续到研究结束。与对照组相比，所有毒素水平组的蛋形指数均显示形状发生变化（P<0.05）。高水平毒素组的相对蛋黄重量降低（P<0.05）。钝化剂添加和毒素水平之间存在相互作用，表现为比重。在毒素阶段后，在对照组和低毒素组中，钝化剂添加增加了蛋的比重（P<0.05），而在高水平毒素组中则观察到降低（P<0.05）。这些数据表明，饲料中存在的霉菌毒素会降低蛋的品质、大小、蛋黄重量，并改变蛋的形状，添加霉菌毒素钝化剂可以改善霉菌毒素摄入的一些负面影响。
