Nutritional Immunology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2.
Poult Sci. 2012 Sep;91(9):2164-72. doi: 10.3382/ps.2012-02306.
A study was conducted to assess the effect of yeast-derived carbohydrates (YDC) on performance and innate immune responses of broiler chickens. In total, 1,080 one-day-old birds were randomly assigned to one of 3 dietary treatments (n = 360): a standard broiler diet containing monensin (control), control + bacitracin methylene disalycylate (BMD), and YDC treatment (control + YDC at 0.02%, 0.01%, and 0.005% for starter, grower, and finisher, respectively). Weekly BW, feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded. Immune organ weights, gut morphology, gene expression, heterophil:lymphocyte (H:L), and serum IgG were determined at d 42. No significant difference in FCR, FI, and mortality was observed among treatments. However, BW gain in starter phase was higher in control and YDC treatments compared with BMD treatment. Ileal villi height, crypt depth, and their ratio were not significantly different among treatments, whereas villi width was lower in control and YDC treatments compared with BMD treatment. The number of goblet cells per unit area in the ileum was lower in BMD treatment compared with control and YDC treatments. Expression of TLR2b and IL-6 in the ileum and cecal tonsils was not significantly different among treatments (P > 0.05). Expression of TLR4 was downregulated in YDC treatment compared with control in the ileum. Expression of IL-12p35 and IFN-γ were downregulated in the YDC treatment only in the cecal tonsils. Compared with the control, the expression of IL-10 in both the ileum and the cecal tonsils was downregulated in YDC treatment. Serum IgG and H:L ratio were lower and higher, respectively, in the YDC treatment compared with control and BMD treatments. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of YDC affected intestinal cytokines anti-inflammatory profile on a gut location associated immune pathways manner, suggesting different immune pathways that require further studies in this field.
一项研究旨在评估酵母衍生碳水化合物 (YDC) 对肉鸡生产性能和固有免疫反应的影响。总共将 1080 只 1 日龄雏鸡随机分配到 3 种日粮处理组之一（n=360）：含有莫能菌素的标准肉鸡日粮（对照组）、对照组+杆菌肽甲硫二硒代亚胺（BMD）、YDC 处理组（基础日粮分别添加 0.02%、0.01%和 0.005%的 YDC 用于育雏期、生长期和育肥期）。每周记录体重（BW）、采食量（FI）和饲料转化率（FCR）。在第 42 天测定免疫器官重量、肠道形态、基因表达、异嗜性白细胞与淋巴细胞（H:L）比值和血清 IgG。各组间 FCR、FI 和死亡率均无显著差异。然而，与 BMD 处理组相比，对照组和 YDC 处理组的育雏期 BW 增加。各组间回肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度及其比值均无显著差异，而对照组和 YDC 处理组的绒毛宽度低于 BMD 处理组。与 BMD 处理组相比，对照组和 YDC 处理组的回肠单位面积内的杯状细胞数量较少。回肠和盲肠扁桃体中 TLR2b 和 IL-6 的表达在各组间无显著差异（P＞0.05）。与对照组相比，YDC 处理组的 TLR4 在回肠中下调。仅在盲肠扁桃体中，YDC 处理组的 IL-12p35 和 IFN-γ 表达下调。与对照组相比，YDC 处理组的 IL-10 在回肠和盲肠扁桃体中的表达均下调。与对照组和 BMD 处理组相比，YDC 处理组的血清 IgG 和 H:L 比值较低和较高。总之，日粮添加 YDC 通过与肠道免疫途径相关的方式影响肠道细胞因子抗炎谱，提示需要进一步研究该领域的不同免疫途径。
