Facultad Ciencias de Salud, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Moncada, Valencia, Spain.
Neuroscience. 2012 Nov 8;224:102-15. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.08.028. Epub 2012 Aug 20.
After trauma brain injury, a large number of cells die, releasing neurotoxic chemicals into the extracellular medium, decreasing cellular glutathione levels and increasing reactive oxygen species that affect cell survival and provoke an enlargement of the initial lesion. Alpha-lipoic acid is a potent antioxidant commonly used as a treatment of many degenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis or diabetic neuropathy. Herein, the antioxidant effects of lipoic acid treatment after brain cryo-injury in rat have been studied, as well as cell survival, proliferation in the injured area, gliogenesis and angiogenesis. Thus, it is shown that newborn cells, mostly corresponded with blood vessels and glial cells, colonized the damaged area 15 days after the lesion. However, lipoic acid was able to stimulate the synthesis of glutathione, decrease cell death, promote angiogenesis and decrease the glial scar formation. All those facts allow the formation of new neural tissue. In view of the results herein, lipoic acid might be a plausible pharmacological treatment after brain injury, acting as a neuroprotective agent of the neural tissue, promoting angiogenesis and reducing the glial scar formation. These findings open new possibilities for restorative strategies after brain injury, stroke or related disorders.
创伤性脑损伤后，大量细胞死亡，释放出神经毒性化学物质到细胞外基质中，降低细胞内谷胱甘肽水平，增加活性氧物种，影响细胞存活并引发初始损伤扩大。硫辛酸是一种常用的抗氧化剂，通常用作治疗多发性硬化症或糖尿病性神经病等多种退行性疾病的药物。本文研究了硫辛酸治疗大鼠脑冷冻损伤后的抗氧化作用，以及细胞存活、损伤区的增殖、神经胶质发生和血管生成。结果表明，损伤后 15 天，新生细胞主要与血管和神经胶质细胞一起定植于损伤区。然而，硫辛酸能够刺激谷胱甘肽的合成，减少细胞死亡，促进血管生成，减少神经胶质瘢痕形成。所有这些事实都允许新的神经组织形成。鉴于本文的结果，硫辛酸可能是脑损伤后的一种合理的药物治疗方法，作为神经组织的神经保护剂，促进血管生成和减少神经胶质瘢痕形成。这些发现为脑损伤、中风或相关疾病后的恢复策略开辟了新的可能性。
