DeRossi Rafael, Maciel Felipe B, Módolo Tiago J C, Pagliosa Ronaldo C
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Caixa Postal 549, Campo Grande, 79070-900, MS, Brazil.
Am J Vet Res. 2012 Sep;73(9):1356-62. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.73.9.1356.
To evaluate perineal analgesic effects of 3 doses of neostigmine coadministered epidurally with lidocaine to geldings.
6 healthy geldings.
A few days before each treatment, a catheter was inserted between the first and second coccygeal vertebrae via the caudal approach in each gelding; the catheter tip was threaded approximately 10 cm cranial into the midsacral region. Each horse received 4 epidural treatments: 2% lidocaine (0.2 mg/kg) alone and 3 doses of neostigmine (0.5, 1, or 2 μg/kg) coadministered with that same dose of lidocaine. Horses were restrained in stocks in a standing position. Heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, intestinal motility, analgesia, behavior, and ataxia were determined before treatment (time 0; baseline); at 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes; and every 30 minutes thereafter until the cessation of analgesia.
All doses of neostigmine coadministered with lidocaine improved and extended the duration of analgesia in the perineal region of the geldings. Total duration of analgesia was not a dose-dependent effect (120, 150, and 150 minutes for 0.5, 1, and 2 μg/kg, respectively). All treatments induced mild or moderate ataxia. Cardiovascular changes were within acceptable limits.
Administration of neostigmine (1 μg/kg) combined with lidocaine (0.2 mg/kg) in the caudal epidural space induced analgesia for 2.5 hours with a low prevalence of adverse effects in standing conscious geldings. Epidural doses of neostigmine greater than these should be avoided because they may cause undesirable effects in geldings.
评估3种剂量的新斯的明与利多卡因联合硬膜外给药对公马会阴部的镇痛效果。
6匹健康公马。
每次治疗前几天，通过尾侧入路在每匹公马的第一和第二尾椎之间插入一根导管；导管尖端向头侧穿入骶中部区域约10 cm。每匹马接受4次硬膜外治疗：单独使用2%利多卡因（0.2 mg/kg）以及3种剂量的新斯的明（0.5、1或2 μg/kg）与相同剂量的利多卡因联合使用。马匹站立于畜栏中进行保定。在治疗前（时间0；基线）、5、10、15、30、45、60、75和90分钟以及此后每30分钟直至镇痛停止时，测定心率、血压、呼吸频率、直肠温度、肠道蠕动、镇痛效果、行为和共济失调情况。
所有剂量的新斯的明与利多卡因联合使用均改善并延长了公马会阴部的镇痛持续时间。镇痛总时长并非剂量依赖性效应（0.5、1和2 μg/kg时分别为120、150和150分钟）。所有治疗均诱发了轻度或中度共济失调。心血管变化在可接受范围内。
在尾侧硬膜外腔给予新斯的明（1 μg/kg）联合利多卡因（0.2 mg/kg）可诱导2.5小时的镇痛效果，对站立清醒的公马不良反应发生率较低。应避免使用高于此剂量的硬膜外新斯的明，因为它们可能对公马产生不良影响。
