Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research; C-PAN, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences; Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2012 Aug 28;9:100. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-100.
The diets, physical activity and sedentary behavior levels of both children and adults in Australia are suboptimal. The family environment, as the first ecological niche of children, exerts an important influence on the onset of children's habits. Parent modeling is one part of this environment and a logical focus for child obesity prevention initiatives. The focus on parent's own behaviors provides a potential opportunity to decrease obesity risk behaviors in parents as well.
To assess the effect of a parent-focused early childhood obesity prevention intervention on first-time mothers' diets, physical activity and TV viewing time.
The Melbourne InFANT Program is a cluster-randomized controlled trial which involved 542 mothers over their newborn's first 18 months of life. The intervention focused on parenting skills and strategies, including parental modeling, and aimed to promote development of healthy child and parent behaviors from birth, including healthy diet, increased physical activity and reduced TV viewing time. Data regarding mothers' diet (food frequency questionnaire), physical activity and TV viewing times (self-reported questionnaire) were collected using validated tools at both baseline and post-intervention. Four dietary patterns were derived at baseline using principal components analyses including frequencies of 55 food groups. Analysis of covariance was used to measure the impact of the intervention.
The scores of both the "High-energy snack and processed foods" and the "High-fat foods" dietary patterns decreased more in the intervention group: -0.22 (-0.42;-0.02) and -0.25 (-0.50;-0.01), respectively. No other significant intervention vs. control effects were observed regarding total physical activity, TV viewing time, and the two other dietary patterns, i.e. "Fruits and vegetables" and "Cereals and sweet foods".
These findings suggest that supporting first-time mothers to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors in their infants impacts maternal dietary intakes positively. Further research needs to assess ways in which we might further enhance those lifestyle behaviors not impacted by the InFANT intervention.
澳大利亚儿童和成年人的饮食、身体活动和久坐行为水平都不理想。家庭环境作为儿童的第一个生态位，对儿童习惯的形成有着重要的影响。家长示范是家庭环境的一部分，也是儿童肥胖预防计划的一个合理重点。关注父母自身的行为为降低父母肥胖风险行为提供了一个潜在的机会。
评估以父母为重点的幼儿肥胖预防干预对初为人母者饮食、身体活动和看电视时间的影响。
墨尔本婴儿研究计划（Melbourne InFANT Program）是一项整群随机对照试验，涉及 542 名母亲，研究对象为新生儿生命的头 18 个月。干预措施侧重于育儿技能和策略，包括家长示范，旨在从出生开始促进儿童和家长健康行为的发展，包括健康饮食、增加身体活动和减少看电视时间。使用经过验证的工具，在基线和干预后收集有关母亲饮食（食物频率问卷）、身体活动和看电视时间（自我报告问卷）的数据。使用主成分分析在基线时得出 4 种饮食模式，包括 55 种食物组的频率。使用协方差分析来衡量干预的影响。
干预组的“高能量零食和加工食品”和“高脂肪食品”饮食模式得分下降更多：-0.22（-0.42；-0.02）和-0.25（-0.50；-0.01）。在总身体活动、看电视时间以及其他两种饮食模式（“水果和蔬菜”和“谷物和甜食”）方面，没有观察到其他显著的干预与对照组之间的差异。
这些发现表明，支持初为人母者在婴儿期促进健康的生活方式行为会对母亲的饮食摄入产生积极影响。需要进一步研究评估我们如何进一步增强那些不受 InFANT 干预影响的生活方式行为的方法。
