Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2012 Nov 1;17(6):e1006-12. doi: 10.4317/medoral.18054.
To adapt to Spanish the facial disability index (FDI) described by VanSwearingen and Brach in 1995 and to assess its reliability and validity in patients with facial nerve paresis after parotidectomy.
The present study was conducted in two different stages: a) cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire and b) cross-sectional study of a control group of 79 Spanish-speaking patients who suffered facial paresis after superficial parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation. The cross-cultural adaptation process comprised the following stages: (I) initial translation, (II) synthesis of the translated document, (III) retro-translation, (IV) review by a board of experts, (V) pilot study of the pre-final draft and (VI) analysis of the pilot study and final draft.
The reliability and internal consistency of every one of the rating scales included in the FDI (Cronbach's alpha coefficient) was 0.83 for the complete scale and 0.77 and 0.82 for the physical and the social well-being subscales. The analysis of the factorial validity of the main components of the adapted FDI yielded similar results to the original questionnaire. Bivariate correlations between FDI and House-Brackmann scale were positive. The variance percentage was calculated for all FDI components.
The FDI questionnaire is a specific instrument for assessing facial neuromuscular dysfunction which becomes a useful tool in order to determine quality of life in patients with facial nerve paralysis. Spanish adapted FDI is equivalent to the original questionnaire and shows similar reliability and validity. The proven reproducibility, reliability and validity of this questionnaire make it a useful additional tool for evaluating the impact of facial nerve paralysis in Spanish-speaking patients.
适应西班牙语，翻译 VanSwearingen 和 Brach 于 1995 年描述的面部残疾指数（FDI），并评估其在腮腺切除后面神经麻痹患者中的可靠性和有效性。
本研究分两个阶段进行：a）问卷的跨文化适应性；b）对 79 名西班牙语患者的横断面研究，这些患者在面神经保留的腮腺浅叶切除后面神经麻痹。跨文化适应过程包括以下阶段：（I）初始翻译；（II）翻译文件的综合；（III）反向翻译；（IV）专家委员会审查；（V）预终稿的试点研究；（VI）试点研究和最终草案的分析。
FDI 中包含的每个评分量表的可靠性和内部一致性（Cronbach's alpha 系数）为完整量表的 0.83，身体和社会福利量表的 0.77 和 0.82。对适应后的 FDI 主要成分进行因子有效性分析得出与原始问卷相似的结果。FDI 和 House-Brackmann 量表之间的双变量相关性为正。计算了 FDI 所有成分的方差百分比。
FDI 问卷是一种专门用于评估面部神经肌肉功能障碍的工具，它是确定面神经麻痹患者生活质量的有用工具。西班牙语适应的 FDI 与原始问卷等效，显示出相似的可靠性和有效性。该问卷的可重复性、可靠性和有效性已得到验证，使其成为评估西班牙语患者面神经麻痹影响的有用附加工具。
