Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Cork, Ireland.
Occup Med (Lond). 2012 Dec;62(8):613-9. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqs139. Epub 2012 Aug 27.
Workplace demographics are changing in many European countries with a higher proportion of older workers in employment. Research has shown that there is an association between job strain and cardiovascular disease, but this relationship is unclear for the older worker.
To investigate the association between job strain and a coronary event comparing younger and older male workers.
Cases with a first-time coronary event were recruited from four coronary/intensive care units (1999-2001). Matched controls were recruited from the case's general practitioner surgery. Physical measurements were taken and self-administered questionnaires completed with questions on job characteristics, job demands and control. Unconditional logistic regression was carried out adjusting for classical cardiovascular risk factors.
There were 227 cases and 277 matched controls. Age stratified analyses showed a clear difference between younger (<50 years) and older (≥50 years) workers with regard to the exposure of job strain (job demands and control) and the association between these factors and cardiovascular disease. Older workers who had a coronary event were four times as likely to have high job strain [OR = 4.09 (1.29-13.02)] and more likely to report low job control [OR = 0.83 (0.72-0.95)].
Job control emerged as a potential protective factor for heart disease and this evidence was stronger in the older male worker. Nevertheless, they were significantly more likely to have job strain. These results suggest that older workers may be more susceptible to job strain.
在许多欧洲国家，职场人口结构正在发生变化，就业的老年工人比例更高。研究表明，工作压力与心血管疾病之间存在关联，但这种关系在老年工人中并不明确。
比较年轻和年老的男性工人，研究工作压力与冠状动脉事件之间的关系。
从四个冠状动脉/重症监护病房（1999-2001 年）招募首次发生冠状动脉事件的病例。在病例的全科医生手术中招募匹配的对照。进行体格测量并完成自我管理问卷，问题涉及工作特征、工作需求和控制。进行了非条件逻辑回归，调整了经典心血管危险因素。
共纳入 227 例病例和 277 例匹配对照。年龄分层分析显示，在工作压力（工作需求和控制）的暴露以及这些因素与心血管疾病之间的关联方面，年轻（<50 岁）和年老（≥50 岁）工人之间存在明显差异。发生冠状动脉事件的老年工人发生高工作压力的可能性是四倍[比值比（OR）=4.09（1.29-13.02）]，且更有可能报告低工作控制[OR=0.83（0.72-0.95）]。
工作控制作为心脏病的潜在保护因素出现，这一证据在老年男性工人中更为明显。然而，他们发生高工作压力的可能性明显更高。这些结果表明，老年工人可能更容易受到工作压力的影响。
