Australian Institute of Sport, Department of Physiology, Canberra, Australia.
J Sports Sci. 2012;30(14):1463-71. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2012.712714. Epub 2012 Aug 28.
Differences in physiological, physical, and technical demands of small-sided basketball games related to the number of players, court size, and work-to-rest ratios are not well characterised. A controlled trial was conducted to compare the influence of number of players (2v2/4v4), court size (half/full court) and work-to-rest ratios (4x2.5 min/2x5 min) on the demands of small-sided games. Sixteen elite male and female junior players (aged 15-19 years) completed eight variations of a small-sided game in randomised order over a six-week period. Heart rate responses and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured to assess the physiological load. Movement patterns and technical elements were assessed by video analysis. There were ∼60% more technical elements in 2v2 and ∼20% more in half court games. Heart rate (86 ± 4% & 83 ± 5% of maximum; mean ± SD) and RPE (8 ± 2 & 6 ± 2; scale 1-10) were moderately higher in 2v2 than 4v4 small-sided games, respectively. The 2v2 format elicited substantially more sprints (36 ±12%; mean ±90% confidence limits) and high intensity shuffling (75 ±17%) than 4v4. Full court games required substantially more jogging (9 ±6%) compared to half court games. Fewer players in small-sided basketball games substantially increases the technical, physiological and physical demands.
小场地篮球比赛中，球员人数、场地大小和工作-休息比等因素对生理、物理和技术需求的影响差异尚未得到充分描述。本对照试验旨在比较球员人数（2v2/4v4）、场地大小（半场/全场）和工作-休息比（4x2.5 分钟/2x5 分钟）对小场地比赛需求的影响。16 名精英男、女青少年球员（年龄 15-19 岁）在六周内以随机顺序完成了八项小场地比赛的变化。通过心率反应和感知用力评估（RPE）来评估生理负荷。通过视频分析评估运动模式和技术要素。2v2 和半场比赛的技术要素分别增加了约 60%和 20%。2v2 小场地比赛的心率（86 ± 4% 和 83 ± 5% 的最大心率；平均值 ± 标准差）和 RPE（8 ± 2 和 6 ± 2；1-10 级）分别比 4v4 小场地比赛高约 60%和 20%。2v2 形式比 4v4 形式产生更多的冲刺（36 ±12%；平均值 ±90%置信区间）和高强度的滑步（75 ±17%）。全场比赛比半场比赛需要更多的慢跑（9 ±6%）。小场地篮球比赛中球员人数的减少会显著增加技术、生理和物理需求。
