Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR S 707, Department of Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases, Paris F-75012, France.
Clin Chest Med. 2012 Sep;33(3):419-29. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2012.06.001. Epub 2012 Jul 18.
Asthma is a phenotypically heterogeneous disorder of multifactorial origins that affects 300 million people suffering from asthma and more than 250,000 asthma-related deaths each year. Although treatment for asthma has improved, its prevalence continues to increase, particularly in low and middle income countries, or in some ethnic groups in which prevalence was previously low. Observed spatio-temporal variations in the increased prevalence of asthma depend on exposure to environmental factors. Recently, several arguments are also in favor of the involvement of host susceptibility and stress in the observed increase of asthma prevalence. Further investigations are warranted to better understand mechanisms underlying asthma increase or stagnation.
哮喘是一种表型异质性的多因素疾病，全球有 3 亿哮喘患者，每年有 25 万多人死于哮喘。尽管哮喘治疗有所改善，但发病率仍在持续上升，尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家，或以前发病率较低的某些种族群体中。观察到哮喘发病率增加的时空变化取决于环境因素的暴露。最近，有几个论点也支持宿主易感性和压力在观察到的哮喘发病率增加中的作用。需要进一步研究以更好地了解哮喘增加或停滞的机制。
