Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2012 Sep;38(5):511-7. doi: 10.3109/00952990.2012.694533.
Qualitative and quantitative data and participatory research approaches might be most valid and effective for assessing substance use/abuse and related trends in American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) communities.
Twenty-nine federally recognized AIAN tribes in Washington (WA) State were invited to participate in Health Directors (HD) interviews and State treatment admissions data analyses. Ten Tribal HD (or designees) from across WA participated in 30-60-minute qualitative interviews. State treatment admissions data from 2002 to 2008 were analyzed for those who identified with one of 11 participating AIAN communities to explore admission rates by primary drug compared to non-AIANs. Those who entered treatment and belonged to one of the 11 participating tribes (n = 4851) represented 16% of admissions for those who reported a tribal affiliation.
Interviewees reported that prescription drugs, alcohol, and marijuana are primary community concerns, each presenting similar and distinct challenges. Additionally, community health is tied to access to resources, services, and culturally appropriate and effective interventions. Treatment data results were consistent with interviewee-reported substance use/abuse trends, with alcohol as the primary drug for 56% of AIAN adults compared to 46% of non-AIAN, and other opiates as second most common for AIAN adults in 2008 with 15% of admissions.
Findings are limited to those tribal communities/community members who agreed to participate.
Analyses suggest that some diverse AIAN communities in WA State share similar substance use/abuse, treatment, and recovery trends and continuing needs.
Appropriate and effective research with AIAN communities requires respectful and flexible approaches.
定性和定量数据以及参与式研究方法可能是评估美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民（AIAN）社区药物使用/滥用和相关趋势最有效和最有效的方法。
华盛顿州（WA）的 29 个联邦认可的 AIAN 部落被邀请参加卫生主任（HD）访谈和州治疗入院数据分析。WA 各地的 10 位部落 HD（或指定代表）参加了 30-60 分钟的定性访谈。对 2002 年至 2008 年的州治疗入院数据进行了分析，以了解那些自认为属于 11 个参与 AIAN 社区之一的人，以探索与非 AIAN 相比主要药物的入院率。那些进入治疗并属于 11 个参与部落之一的人（n=4851）占报告部落归属的人的入院人数的 16%。
受访者报告称，处方药物、酒精和大麻是社区的主要关注点，每种药物都存在相似和不同的挑战。此外，社区健康与获得资源、服务以及文化上适当和有效的干预措施有关。治疗数据结果与受访者报告的药物使用/滥用趋势一致，2008 年 AIAN 成年人中酒精是主要药物，占 56%，而非 AIAN 成年人占 46%，其他阿片类药物是 AIAN 成年人中第二常见的药物，占 15%的入院人数。
研究结果仅限于那些同意参与的部落社区/社区成员。
分析表明，WA 州的一些不同的 AIAN 社区在药物使用/滥用、治疗和康复趋势以及持续需求方面存在相似之处。
对 AIAN 社区进行适当和有效的研究需要尊重和灵活的方法。
