Laboratory of Experimental Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, NIH Animal Center, Dickerson, Maryland 20842, USA.
Nature. 2012 Sep 13;489(7415):318-21. doi: 10.1038/nature11432.
Calorie restriction (CR), a reduction of 10–40% in intake of a nutritious diet, is often reported as the most robust non-genetic mechanism to extend lifespan and healthspan. CR is frequently used as a tool to understand mechanisms behind ageing and age-associated diseases. In addition to and independently of increasing lifespan, CR has been reported to delay or prevent the occurrence of many chronic diseases in a variety of animals. Beneficial effects of CR on outcomes such as immune function, motor coordination and resistance to sarcopenia in rhesus monkeys have recently been reported. We report here that a CR regimen implemented in young and older age rhesus monkeys at the National Institute on Aging (NIA) has not improved survival outcomes. Our findings contrast with an ongoing study at the Wisconsin National Primate Research Center (WNPRC), which reported improved survival associated with 30% CR initiated in adult rhesus monkeys (7–14 years) and a preliminary report with a small number of CR monkeys. Over the years, both NIA and WNPRC have extensively documented beneficial health effects of CR in these two apparently parallel studies. The implications of the WNPRC findings were important as they extended CR findings beyond the laboratory rodent and to a long-lived primate. Our study suggests a separation between health effects, morbidity and mortality, and similar to what has been shown in rodents, study design, husbandry and diet composition may strongly affect the life-prolonging effect of CR in a long-lived nonhuman primate.
热量限制（CR），即减少 10-40%的营养饮食摄入，常被报道为延长寿命和健康寿命的最强大的非遗传机制。CR 经常被用作了解衰老和与年龄相关疾病背后机制的工具。除了延长寿命之外，CR 还被报道能延迟或预防多种慢性疾病在各种动物中的发生。最近有报道称，CR 对恒河猴的免疫功能、运动协调和抗肌肉减少症等结果有有益影响。我们在这里报告称，在国立衰老研究所（NIA）中，对年轻和老年恒河猴实施的 CR 方案并没有改善生存结果。我们的研究结果与威斯康星州国家灵长类动物研究中心（WNPRC）正在进行的一项研究形成对比，该研究报告称，在成年恒河猴（7-14 岁）中启动 30%的 CR 可提高生存率，并初步报告称有少量 CR 猴。多年来，NIA 和 WNPRC 都在这两项明显平行的研究中广泛记录了 CR 的有益健康影响。WNPRC 的研究结果意义重大，因为它们将 CR 的研究结果扩展到了实验室啮齿动物之外，并扩展到了一种长寿的灵长类动物。我们的研究表明，健康影响、发病率和死亡率之间存在分离，与在啮齿动物中所显示的情况类似，研究设计、饲养和饮食组成可能会强烈影响 CR 在长寿非人类灵长类动物中的延长寿命效果。
