Department and Clinic of Dermatology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
Department of Biology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
J Med Microbiol. 2012 Nov;61(Pt 11):1504-1510. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.048090-0. Epub 2012 Aug 29.
Rosacea is a common dermatological condition that predominantly affects the central regions of the face. Rosacea affects up to 3 % of the world's population and a number of subtypes are recognized. Rosacea can be treated with a variety of antibiotics (e.g. tetracycline or metronidazole) yet no role for bacteria or microbes in its aetiology has been conclusively established. The density of Demodex mites in the skin of rosacea patients is higher than in controls, suggesting a possible role for these mites in the induction of this condition. In addition, Bacillus oleronius, known to be sensitive to the antibiotics used to treat rosacea, has been isolated from a Demodex mite from a patient with papulopustular rosacea and a potential role for this bacterium in the induction of rosacea has been proposed. Staphylococcus epidermidis has been isolated predominantly from the pustules of rosacea patients but not from unaffected skin and may be transported around the face by Demodex mites. These findings raise the possibility that rosacea is fundamentally a bacterial disease resulting from the over-proliferation of Demodex mites living in skin damaged as a result of adverse weathering, age or the production of sebum with an altered fatty acid content. This review surveys the literature relating to the role of Demodex mites and their associated bacteria in the induction and persistence of rosacea and highlights possible therapeutic options.
酒渣鼻是一种常见的皮肤科疾病，主要影响面部的中央区域。酒渣鼻影响了全球多达 3%的人口，并且已经认识到了多种亚型。酒渣鼻可以用多种抗生素（例如四环素或甲硝唑）治疗，但尚未明确确定细菌或微生物在其发病机制中的作用。酒渣鼻患者皮肤中的螨虫密度高于对照组，这表明这些螨虫可能在诱导这种疾病方面发挥作用。此外，从患有脓疱性酒渣鼻的螨虫中分离出了已知对治疗酒渣鼻的抗生素敏感的奥利龙杆菌，并且已经提出了这种细菌在诱导酒渣鼻中的潜在作用。表皮葡萄球菌主要从酒渣鼻患者的脓疱中分离出来，而不是从未受影响的皮肤中分离出来，并且可能由螨虫在面部周围运输。这些发现提出了这样一种可能性，即酒渣鼻本质上是一种细菌疾病，是由于生活在因恶劣天气、年龄或皮脂产生而受损的皮肤中的螨虫过度繁殖引起的，皮脂的脂肪酸含量发生了改变。这篇综述调查了有关螨虫及其相关细菌在酒渣鼻的诱导和持续中的作用的文献，并强调了可能的治疗选择。
