Ma Laiji, Niu Yujie, Yuan Chunying, Bai Tianming, Yang Suzhen, Wang Man, Li Yan, Shao Li
School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
The Oriental Beauty Valley Research Institute, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2023 Feb 3;16:325-337. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S400321. eCollection 2023.
Everyone pursues perfect skin, but there exist significant differences between cultures, and no commonly accepted standards have been established. Therefore, our study attempted to define the "ideal skin" of oriental women and analyze the relationship between different skin physiological parameters and microbiomes.
Based on our customized grading standard, the VISIA CR photos of 111 young women aged from 18 to 25 in Shanghai were collected and scored by the severity of pores, acne, spots, and wrinkles. The volunteers were then divided into "ideal skin" (W1), "normal skin" (W2), and "undesirable skin" (W3) groups. The physiological parameters of facial skin were measured by non-invasive instrumental methods, and the skin microbiome was analyzed by 16S rRNA and ITS high-throughput sequencing.
From "ideal skin" to "undesirable skin", the skin physiological parameters, α-diversity, and composition of the facial microbiome showed noticeable regular changes. Compared with the "normal skin" (W2) and "undesirable skin" (W3), the "ideal skin" (W1) group had lower sebum content, TEWL, melanin, hemoglobin, and roughness but higher hydration content and skin pH value. Furthermore, the Shannon index of skin bacteria was significantly increased in W1 ( = 0.004), suggesting that the ideal skin had higher species diversity. From W1 to W3, the species composition was changed significantly. The abundance of was increased, while and were decreased. Correspondingly, the abundances of lipophilic and were increased, while the abundances of , and , were significantly decreased. Additionally, Spearman correlation analysis revealed strong correlations between the physiological parameters and the microbiota. Notably, the Shannon index of skin bacteria was significantly positively correlated with skin hydration ( = 0.03) but negatively correlated with the abundance of ( = 0.000), hemoglobin content ( = 0.025), and sebum content ( = 0.5). Therefore, the skin hydration content and the abundance of played an important role in maintaining the α-diversity and skin homeostasis.
Ideal skin had better water-oil balance and barrier function, higher microbial diversity, and more reasonable species distribution. Therefore, daily skincare needs to control skin oil and maintain skin microecological balance to achieve ideal skin conditions for young women aged 18-25 years old.
人人都追求完美肌肤，但不同文化之间存在显著差异，且尚未建立普遍接受的标准。因此，我们的研究试图定义东方女性的“理想肌肤”，并分析不同皮肤生理参数与微生物群之间的关系。
基于我们定制的分级标准，收集了上海111名年龄在18至25岁之间的年轻女性的VISIA CR照片，并根据毛孔、痤疮、斑点和皱纹的严重程度进行评分。然后将志愿者分为“理想肌肤”（W1）、“正常肌肤”（W2）和“不理想肌肤”（W3）组。通过非侵入性仪器方法测量面部皮肤的生理参数，并通过16S rRNA和ITS高通量测序分析皮肤微生物群。
从“理想肌肤”到“不理想肌肤”，皮肤生理参数、α多样性和面部微生物群的组成呈现出明显的规律性变化。与“正常肌肤”（W2）和“不理想肌肤”（W3）相比，“理想肌肤”（W1）组的皮脂含量、经皮水分流失、黑色素、血红蛋白和粗糙度较低，但水合含量和皮肤pH值较高。此外，W1组皮肤细菌的香农指数显著增加（ = 0.004），表明理想肌肤具有更高的物种多样性。从W1到W3，物种组成发生了显著变化。 的丰度增加，而 和 减少。相应地，亲脂性 和 的丰度增加，而 、 和 的丰度显著降低。此外，斯皮尔曼相关性分析揭示了生理参数与微生物群之间的强相关性。值得注意的是，皮肤细菌的香农指数与皮肤水合作用显著正相关（ = 0.03），但与 的丰度（ = 0.000）、血红蛋白含量（ = 0.025）和皮脂含量（ = 0.5）负相关。因此，皮肤水合含量和 的丰度在维持α多样性和皮肤稳态方面发挥着重要作用。
理想肌肤具有更好的水油平衡和屏障功能、更高的微生物多样性以及更合理的物种分布。因此，日常护肤需要控制皮肤油脂并维持皮肤微生态平衡，以实现18至25岁年轻女性的理想肌肤状态。
