Sociology Department, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2013 Mar;28(4):773-807. doi: 10.1177/0886260512455867. Epub 2012 Aug 30.
This article assesses the prevalence and risk factors of domestic violence in India. The study uses the 2005-2006 India National Family Health Survey-III (NFHS-III) and focuses on the 69,484 ever-married women ages 15 to 49 from all regions, who were administered the domestic violence module. The results show that 31% of respondents experienced physical violence in the past 12 months before the survey; the corresponding figure for sexual violence was 8.3%. The multivariate logistic regression results show key determinants of physical and sexual violence. Some of the most salient findings are that urban residence, household wealth, affiliation with Christian religious denominations, wife's age at marriage and education are associated with lower risk of physical and sexual violence. In contrast, being employed and being the wife of a man who drank alcohol increased the odds of experiencing both physical and sexual violence. Moreover, respondents who believed that wife-beating was justified under certain circumstances were more likely to experience domestic violence. These results and significant regional differences observed in this study suggest that gender role conditioning and cultural norms both contribute to domestic violence. Interventions, therefore, need to go beyond the institutional and legal levels to include cultural capital, which addresses partner and relationship issues.
这篇文章评估了印度家庭暴力的流行率和风险因素。该研究使用了 2005-2006 年印度国家家庭健康调查 III（NFHS-III），并重点关注了来自所有地区的 69484 名年龄在 15 至 49 岁之间的已婚女性，她们接受了家庭暴力模块的调查。结果显示，在调查前的过去 12 个月内，31%的受访者经历过身体暴力；性暴力的相应比例为 8.3%。多变量逻辑回归结果显示了身体和性暴力的关键决定因素。一些最显著的发现是，城市居住、家庭财富、基督教宗教教派的隶属关系、妻子的结婚年龄和教育程度与较低的身体和性暴力风险相关。相比之下，就业和丈夫饮酒会增加遭受身体和性暴力的几率。此外，认为在某些情况下打妻子是合理的受访者更有可能经历家庭暴力。这些结果以及本研究中观察到的显著地区差异表明，性别角色塑造和文化规范都促成了家庭暴力。因此，干预措施需要超越制度和法律层面，包括解决伴侣和关系问题的文化资本。
