Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré et Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
Eur Respir J. 2013 May;41(5):1101-6. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00065612. Epub 2012 Aug 30.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are at particularly high risk of developing lung disease caused by Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABSC). Over the last 10 years, changes in CF treatment, with increasing use of inhaled therapies and low-dose azithromycin, have been accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of MABSC infections in CF patients. There is therefore some concern about the role of new CF treatments in the emergence of MABSC infections. We addressed this issue by means of a case-control study including 30 MABSC-positive cases and 60 nontuberculous mycobacteria-negative CF controls matched for age, sex and centre. We also compared practices at the CF centres with the highest prevalence of MABSC with those at the other centres. No positive association was found between MABSC lung disease and the use of inhaled therapies or low-dose azithromycin in the 4 years preceding MABSC isolation. These treatments were not significantly more frequently used at the CF centres with the highest MABSC prevalence rates. In conclusion, there is no evidence for a link between M. abscessus complex lung disease and inhaled therapies or low-dose azithromycin in patients with CF.
囊性纤维化 (CF) 患者特别容易患上由脓肿分枝杆菌复合体 (MABSC) 引起的肺部疾病。在过去的 10 年中，随着吸入疗法和低剂量阿奇霉素的使用增加，CF 治疗方法发生了变化，CF 患者中 MABSC 感染的患病率也随之增加。因此，人们对新型 CF 治疗方法在 MABSC 感染中的作用存在一些担忧。我们通过一项包括 30 例 MABSC 阳性病例和 60 例非结核分枝杆菌阴性 CF 对照的病例对照研究来解决这个问题，这些对照在年龄、性别和中心方面进行了匹配。我们还比较了 MABSC 感染率最高的 CF 中心与其他中心的治疗实践。在 MABSC 分离前的 4 年中，MABSC 肺部疾病与吸入疗法或低剂量阿奇霉素的使用之间没有发现正相关。在 MABSC 流行率最高的 CF 中心，这些治疗方法的使用频率并没有显著增加。总之，没有证据表明 CF 患者的脓肿分枝杆菌复合体肺部疾病与吸入疗法或低剂量阿奇霉素之间存在联系。
