Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Sep;207(3):179.e1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.07.021. Epub 2012 Jul 20.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate fetal responses to strenuous exercise in physically active and inactive women.
Forty-five healthy women (15 who were nonexercisers, 15 who were regularly active, 15 who were highly active) underwent a peak treadmill test at 28 weeks' gestation to 32 weeks 6 days' gestation. Fetal well-being (umbilical artery Doppler indices, fetal heart tracing/rate, biophysical profile [BPP]) was evaluated before and after exercise. Uterine artery Doppler scans were also obtained.
Umbilical and uterine artery Doppler indices were similar among activity groups and did not change with exercise (P > .05). BPP and fetal heart tracings were reassuring in all groups. However, subgroup analyses showed transient fetal heart rate decelerations after exercise and elevated umbilical and uterine artery Doppler indices in 5 highly active women. After this, BPP and fetal heart tracings were reassuring.
Overall fetal well-being is reassuring after short-duration, strenuous exercise in both active and inactive pregnant women. A subset of highly active women experienced transient fetal heart rate decelerations and Doppler changes immediately after exercise. Athletes may push beyond a threshold intensity at which fetal well-being may be compromised. However, potential impact on neonatal outcomes is unknown.
本研究旨在评估活跃和不活跃女性在剧烈运动时胎儿的反应。
45 名健康女性（15 名非运动者、15 名定期运动者、15 名高度活跃者）在妊娠 28 周至 32 周 6 天进行了峰值跑步机测试。在运动前和运动后评估胎儿健康状况（脐动脉多普勒指数、胎儿心率追踪/率、生物物理概况[BPP]）。还获得了子宫动脉多普勒扫描。
活动组之间的脐动脉和子宫动脉多普勒指数相似，运动后没有变化（P>0.05）。所有组的 BPP 和胎儿心率追踪均令人放心。然而，亚组分析显示，5 名高度活跃的女性在运动后出现短暂的胎儿心率减速和脐动脉和子宫动脉多普勒指数升高。之后，BPP 和胎儿心率追踪均令人放心。
在活跃和不活跃的孕妇中，短时间剧烈运动后胎儿整体健康状况令人放心。一部分高度活跃的女性在运动后立即出现短暂的胎儿心率减速和多普勒变化。运动员可能会超过一个可能危及胎儿健康的阈值强度。然而，对新生儿结局的潜在影响尚不清楚。
