Defence Research Laboratory, P.B No.2, Tezpur (Assam), India.
J Insect Sci. 2012;12:5. doi: 10.1673/031.012.0501.
Use of repellents seems to be most reliable method of personal protection against annoyance and infections associated with haematophagous insects. We have investigated the biting activity of Simulium and tested the repellency of five essential oils extracted from Homalomena aromatica Schott (Alismatales: Araceae), Pogostemon heyneanus Bentham (Lamiales: Lamiaceae), Citrus aurantifolia Swingle (Sapindales: Rutaceae), Vitex negundo L. (Lamiales: Lamiaceae), and Ageratum conzoides L. (Asterales: Asteraceae) on the human volunteers against Simulium (blackflies) in three locations of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Blackflies preferred biting legs (> 79%) as compared to hand and face with profound biting activity during 1000-1100 h (> 23%) and 1500 - 1600 h (> 28%). The essential oil extracted from Homalomena aromatica, Vitex negundo and Ageratum conizoides provided > 2 h protection at 5% concentration and > 5 h protection at 10% concentration in all the three testing locations. The repellency of Homalomena aromatica, Vitex negundo and Ageratum conizoides essential oils after 6 h application was > 50% at 5% concentration and > 90% at 10% concentration. The study provides evidence for the potential of these essential oils in developing new repellents against blackflies.
使用驱虫剂似乎是防止与吸血昆虫相关的骚扰和感染的最可靠的个人防护方法。我们调查了蚋的叮咬活动，并测试了从 Homalomena aromatica Schott（泽泻目：天南星科）、 Pogostemon heyneanus Bentham（唇形目：唇形科）、Citrus aurantifolia Swingle（芸香目：芸香科）、Vitex negundo L.（唇形目：唇形科）和 Ageratum conzoides L.（菊目：菊科）中提取的五种精油对人类志愿者的驱避效果，以抵抗印度阿鲁纳恰尔邦三个地点的蚋。与手和脸相比，黑蝇更喜欢叮咬腿部（>79%），在 1000-1100 h（>23%）和 1500-1600 h（>28%）期间具有深刻的叮咬活性。在所有三个测试地点，浓度为 5%的 Homalomena aromatica、Vitex negundo 和 Ageratum conizoides 精油提供了>2 小时的保护，浓度为 10%的精油提供了>5 小时的保护。使用 6 小时后，Homalomena aromatica、Vitex negundo 和 Ageratum conizoides 精油的驱避率在 5%浓度时>50%，在 10%浓度时>90%。该研究为这些精油在开发针对黑蝇的新型驱虫剂方面的潜力提供了证据。
