Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA.
Trends Biochem Sci. 2012 Nov;37(11):477-83. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2012.07.008. Epub 2012 Sep 1.
Eukaryotes are constantly fine-tuning their gene expression programs in response to the demands of the environment and the availability of nutrients. Such dynamic regulation of the genome necessitates versatile chromatin architecture. Rapid changes in transcript levels are brought about via a wide range of post-translational modifications of the histone proteins that control chromatin structure. Many enzymes responsible for these modifications have been identified and they require various metabolic cofactors or substrates for their activity. Herein, we highlight recent developments that have begun to reveal particular cellular metabolites that might in fact be underappreciated regulators of gene expression through their ability to modulate particular histone modifications.
真核生物不断地根据环境需求和营养物质的可利用性来精细调控其基因表达程序。基因组的这种动态调控需要多功能的染色质结构。通过控制染色质结构的组蛋白蛋白的广泛翻译后修饰，可以实现转录水平的快速变化。许多负责这些修饰的酶已经被鉴定出来，它们的活性需要各种代谢辅助因子或底物。在此，我们强调了最近的一些发展，这些发展开始揭示特定的细胞代谢物，这些代谢物实际上可能通过调节特定的组蛋白修饰而成为被低估的基因表达调节剂。
