Zhang C, Liu Z, Klein G L
Bone Research Laboratory, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2012 Sep;12(3):174-82.
Osteoporosis is a well-established clinical problem in adults. Osteoporosis in pediatrics, on the other hand, is a new and evolving area, with certain unique diagnostic and clinical challenges. Recently, there has been an increased awareness of osteoporosis in children, both as a primary problem due to genetic mutations and enzyme deficiencies, and as secondary to various diseases, medications, and lifestyle issues. In this review we discuss the common forms of osteoporosis, including candidate genes, mutations of which can lead to primary osteoporosis, the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of secondary bone loss, and possible ways of diagnosing, preventing, or treating these conditions. The purpose of the article is to provide a summary of our current knowledge of pediatric bone problems and to provide a basis for discussion of the most appropriate ways to detect, treat, or prevent such problems.
骨质疏松症在成年人中是一个已被充分认知的临床问题。另一方面，儿科骨质疏松症是一个新出现且不断发展的领域，存在一些独特的诊断和临床挑战。最近，人们对儿童骨质疏松症的认识有所提高，它既作为由基因突变和酶缺乏引起的原发性问题，也作为继发于各种疾病、药物和生活方式问题的情况。在这篇综述中，我们讨论骨质疏松症的常见形式，包括其突变可导致原发性骨质疏松症的候选基因、继发性骨质流失发病机制中涉及的机制，以及诊断、预防或治疗这些病症的可能方法。本文的目的是总结我们目前对儿科骨骼问题的认识，并为讨论检测、治疗或预防此类问题的最合适方法提供基础。
