Clearinghouse for Tobacco Control, National Poison Center, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2013 Feb;15(2):482-91. doi: 10.1093/ntr/nts161. Epub 2012 Sep 4.
Finding ways to discourage adolescents from taking up smoking is important because those who begin smoking at an earlier age are more likely to become addicted and have greater difficulty in quitting. This article examined whether anti smoking messages and education could help to reduce smoking susceptibility among adolescents in two Southeast Asian countries and to explore the possible moderating effect of country and gender.
Data came from Wave 1 of the International Tobacco Control Southeast Asia Project (ITC-SEA) survey conducted in Malaysia (n = 1,008) and Thailand (n = 1,000) where adolescents were asked about receiving antismoking advice from nurses or doctors, being taught at schools about the danger of smoking, noticing antismoking messages, knowledge of health effects of smoking, beliefs about the health risks of smoking, smoking susceptibility, and demographic information. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression models.
Overall, significantly more Thai adolescents reported receiving advice from their nurses or doctors about the danger of smoking (p < .001), but no country difference was observed for reported antismoking education in schools and exposure to antismoking messages. Multivariate analyses revealed that only provision of antismoking education at schools was significantly associated with reduced susceptibility to smoking among female Malaysian adolescents (OR = 0.26). Higher knowledge of smoking harm and higher perceived health risk of smoking were associated with reduced smoking susceptibility among Thai female (OR = 0.52) and Malaysian male adolescents (OR = 0.63), respectively.
Educating adolescents about the dangers of smoking in schools appears to be the most effective means of reducing adolescents' smoking susceptibility in both countries, although different prevention strategies may be necessary to ensure effectiveness for male and female adolescents.
寻找方法劝阻青少年吸烟很重要，因为那些更早开始吸烟的人更容易上瘾，并且更难戒烟。本文研究了反吸烟信息和教育是否可以帮助减少两个东南亚国家青少年的吸烟易感性，并探讨了国家和性别可能的调节作用。
数据来自东南亚国际烟草控制项目（ITC-SEA）的第 1 波调查，该调查在马来西亚（n=1008）和泰国（n=1000）进行，询问青少年是否从护士或医生那里获得过关于吸烟危害的反吸烟建议、在学校是否接受过吸烟危害教育、是否注意到反吸烟信息、对吸烟健康影响的了解、对吸烟健康风险的信念、吸烟易感性以及人口统计信息。使用卡方检验和逻辑回归模型分析数据。
总体而言，泰国青少年报告更多地从护士或医生那里获得有关吸烟危害的建议（p<0.001），但在学校接受反吸烟教育和接触反吸烟信息方面没有发现国家差异。多变量分析显示，只有在学校提供反吸烟教育与马来西亚女青少年吸烟易感性降低显著相关（OR=0.26）。更高的吸烟危害知识和更高的吸烟健康风险感知与泰国女青少年（OR=0.52）和马来西亚男青少年（OR=0.63）的吸烟易感性降低相关。
在学校对青少年进行吸烟危害教育似乎是减少两个国家青少年吸烟易感性的最有效方法，尽管为确保男性和女性青少年的有效性，可能需要不同的预防策略。
