Cho Chiung-Yu, Hwang Yea-Shwu, Cherng Rong-Ju
Department of Physical Therapy, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2012 Sep;35(7):534-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2012.07.004. Epub 2012 Aug 27.
Although the prevalence of reported discomfort by computer workers is high, the impact of high computer workload on musculoskeletal symptoms remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms for office workers with high computer workload. The association between risk factors and musculoskeletal symptoms was also assessed.
Two questionnaires were posted on the Web sites of 3 companies and 1 university to recruit computer users in Tainan, Taiwan, during May to July 2009. The 12-item Chinese Health Questionnaire and Musculoskeletal Symptom Questionnaire were chosen as the evaluation tools for musculoskeletal symptoms and its associated risk factors. Chinese Health Questionnaire greater than 5 and computer usage greater than 7 h/d were used to as the cutoff line to divide groups. Descriptive statistics were computed for mean values and frequencies. χ(2) Analysis was used to determine significant differences between groups. A 0.05 level of significance of was used for statistical comparisons.
A total of 254 subjects returned the questionnaire, of which 203 met the inclusion criteria. The 3 leading regions of musculoskeletal symptoms among the computer users were the shoulder (73%), neck (71%), and upper back (60%) areas. Similarly, the 3 leading regions of musculoskeletal symptoms among the computer users with high workload were shoulder (77.3%), neck (75.6%), and upper back (63.9%) regions. High psychologic distress was significantly associated with shoulder and upper back complaints (odds ratio [OR], 3.46; OR, 2.24), whereas a high workload was significantly associated with lower back complaints (OR, 1.89). Females were more likely to report shoulder complaints (OR, 2.25).
This study found that high psychologic distress was significantly associated with shoulder and upper back pain, whereas high workload was associated with lower back pain. Women tended to have a greater risk of shoulder complaints than men. Developing an intervention that addresses both physical and psychologic problems is important for future studies.
尽管有报告称计算机工作者不适的发生率很高，但高计算机工作量对肌肉骨骼症状的影响仍不明确。本研究的目的是调查高计算机工作量的办公室工作人员肌肉骨骼症状的发生率。还评估了风险因素与肌肉骨骼症状之间的关联。
2009年5月至7月期间，在台湾台南的3家公司和1所大学的网站上发布了两份问卷，以招募计算机用户。选择12项中文健康问卷和肌肉骨骼症状问卷作为肌肉骨骼症状及其相关风险因素的评估工具。以中文健康问卷得分大于5分和计算机使用时间大于7小时/天作为分组的截断线。计算平均值和频率的描述性统计量。采用χ(2)分析确定组间的显著差异。统计比较采用0.05的显著性水平。
共有254名受试者返回问卷，其中203名符合纳入标准。计算机用户中肌肉骨骼症状的3个主要部位是肩部（73%）、颈部（71%）和上背部（60%）区域。同样，高工作量计算机用户中肌肉骨骼症状的3个主要部位是肩部（77.3%）、颈部（75.6%）和上背部（63.9%）区域。高心理困扰与肩部和上背部疼痛显著相关（优势比[OR]，3.46；OR，2.24），而高工作量与下背部疼痛显著相关（OR，1.89）。女性更有可能报告肩部疼痛（OR，2.25）。
本研究发现，高心理困扰与肩部和上背部疼痛显著相关，而高工作量与下背部疼痛相关。女性肩部疼痛的风险往往比男性更大。开发一种解决身体和心理问题的干预措施对未来的研究很重要。
