Gesellschaft für Arbeits-, Wirtschafts- und Organisationpsychologische Forschung e.V., Achterdiek 50, 26131 Oldenburg, Germany.
Am J Epidemiol. 2012 Oct 1;176(7):597-607. doi: 10.1093/aje/kws219. Epub 2012 Sep 6.
Occupational injury is associated with numerous individual and work-related risk factors, including long working hours and short sleep duration; however, the complex mechanisms causing such injuries are not yet fully understood. The authors used structural equation modeling (SEM) as a novel approach to examine fatigue-related direct and indirect potential risk factors for occupational injury. The study sample contained 89,366 employed workers from the National Health Interview Survey (pooled across 6 years, 2004-2009), an annual survey of a representative cross-sectional sample of the US population. Direct and indirect effects of weekly hours worked and usual sleep duration on occupational injuries were modeled using SEM procedures for dichotomous outcomes and a complex sampling design. Confounding and mediating effects of gender, age, race/ethnicity, occupation, industry, type of pay, body mass index (BMI), and psychological distress were simultaneously examined. Long working hours and short sleep duration independently increased the risk of injury. Additional direct risk factors were gender, occupation, type of pay, and BMI. At the same time, sleep duration mediated the adverse relations of long working hours, high psychological distress, and high BMI with injury. These findings indicate that SEM is a useful approach with which to examine dichotomous outcomes and indirect effects in complex samples, and it offers a comprehensive new model of injury prediction.
职业伤害与许多个体和与工作相关的风险因素有关，包括长时间工作和睡眠时间短；然而，导致这些伤害的复杂机制尚未完全了解。作者使用结构方程模型（SEM）作为一种新方法来研究与疲劳相关的职业伤害的直接和间接潜在风险因素。研究样本包括来自全国健康访谈调查（2004-2009 年六年汇总）的 89366 名在职工人，这是一项对美国人口代表性横断面样本的年度调查。使用 SEM 程序和复杂抽样设计，对每周工作时间和通常睡眠时间对职业伤害的直接和间接影响进行建模。同时检验了性别、年龄、种族/民族、职业、行业、薪酬类型、体重指数（BMI）和心理困扰的混杂和中介效应。长时间工作和睡眠时间短会独立增加受伤的风险。其他直接风险因素包括性别、职业、薪酬类型和 BMI。同时，睡眠持续时间介导了长时间工作、高心理困扰和高 BMI 与伤害之间的不良关系。这些发现表明，SEM 是一种有用的方法，可以在复杂样本中检查二项式结果和间接效应，并提供了一种新的综合伤害预测模型。
