Clinical Immunology and Allergic Diseases Division, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Perú.
Mayo Clin Proc. 2012 Sep;87(9):901-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.06.022.
Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy has become standard in the treatment of asthma. A common local adverse effect of ICS therapy is dysphonia, which has been reported to affect 5% to 58% of patients. Although causes of dysphonia associated with ICS therapy have been underinvestigated, it may result from deposition of an active ICS in the oropharynx during administration, which then causes myopathy or a mucosal effect in the laryngopharynx. Use of ICS should be considered during any evaluation of dysphonia. We recommend using the lowest effective dosage of ICS, administering medication with a spacer, gargling, rinsing the mouth and washing the face after inhalation, and washing the spacer. If dysphonia develops despite these interventions, ICS use should be suspended until symptoms resolve, provided that asthma control is not compromised.
吸入性皮质类固醇(ICS)治疗已成为哮喘治疗的标准方法。ICS 治疗的常见局部不良反应是声音障碍,据报道,5%至 58%的患者会出现这种不良反应。尽管与 ICS 治疗相关的声音障碍的原因尚未得到充分研究,但它可能是由于在给药期间活性 ICS 在口咽沉积,然后导致喉咽部的肌肉病或粘膜效应所致。在评估声音障碍时应考虑使用 ICS。我们建议使用最低有效剂量的 ICS,使用间隔器给药,在吸入后漱口、冲洗口腔和洗脸,并清洗间隔器。如果尽管采取了这些干预措施仍出现声音障碍,应暂停使用 ICS,直到症状缓解,前提是哮喘控制不受影响。