Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo, Norway.
Best Pract Res Clin Haematol. 2012 Sep;25(3):319-32. doi: 10.1016/j.beha.2012.07.006. Epub 2012 Aug 19.
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality during or early after pregnancy and in women taking hormonal therapy for contraception or for replacement therapy. Post-thrombotic syndrome, including leg oedema and leg pain, is an unrecognized burden after pregnancy-related VTE, which will affect more than two of five women. Women with a prior VTE, a family history of VTE, certain clinical risk factors and thrombophilia are at considerably increased risk both for pregnancy-related VTE and for VTE on hormonal therapy. This review critically assesses the epidemiology and risk factors for pregnancy-related VTE and current guidelines for prophylaxis and treatment. We also provide information on the risk of VTE related to hormonal contraception and replacement therapy.
静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）是妊娠期间或妊娠后早期以及使用激素避孕或替代疗法的女性发生孕产妇发病率和死亡率的主要原因。血栓后综合征，包括腿部水肿和腿部疼痛，是妊娠相关 VTE 后未被认识到的负担，将影响超过五分之二的女性。有既往 VTE、VTE 家族史、某些临床危险因素和血栓形成倾向的女性，妊娠相关 VTE 和激素治疗相关 VTE 的风险显著增加。本综述批判性地评估了妊娠相关 VTE 的流行病学和危险因素，以及目前的预防和治疗指南。我们还提供了与激素避孕和替代疗法相关的 VTE 风险信息。
