Altman Allison R, Davis Irene S
Biomechanics and Movement Science Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2012 Sep-Oct;11(5):244-50. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e31826c9bb9.
Despite the technological developments in modern running footwear, up to 79% of runners today get injured in a given year. As we evolved barefoot, examining this mode of running is insightful. Barefoot running encourages a forefoot strike pattern that is associated with a reduction in impact loading and stride length. Studies have shown a reduction in injuries to shod forefoot strikers as compared with rearfoot strikers. In addition to a forefoot strike pattern, barefoot running also affords the runner increased sensory feedback from the foot-ground contact, as well as increased energy storage in the arch. Minimal footwear is being used to mimic barefoot running, but it is not clear whether it truly does. The purpose of this article is to review current and past research on shod and barefoot/minimal footwear running and their implications for running injuries. Clearly more research is needed, and areas for future study are suggested.
尽管现代跑鞋技术不断发展，但如今仍有高达79%的跑步者在某一年中受伤。由于我们是赤足进化而来的，研究这种跑步方式很有启发性。赤足跑步鼓励前脚掌着地模式，这种模式与冲击负荷和步幅的减少有关。研究表明，与后脚掌着地者相比，穿跑鞋前脚掌着地者的受伤率有所降低。除了前脚掌着地模式外，赤足跑步还能让跑步者从脚与地面的接触中获得更多的感官反馈，同时增加足弓的能量储存。目前人们使用极简跑鞋来模仿赤足跑步，但尚不清楚它是否真能做到。本文旨在综述当前和过去关于穿跑鞋以及赤足/极简跑鞋跑步的研究及其对跑步损伤的影响。显然还需要更多研究，并提出了未来的研究方向。
