Unit for Nutrition Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Landspitali-University Hospital, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012 Nov;66(11):1193-8. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2012.125. Epub 2012 Sep 12.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The aim was to investigate the effects of a conventional and an unconventional fast-food meal on postprandial metabolism in normal and in overweight subjects.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Twenty-five healthy normal (n = 12) and overweight (n = 13) volunteers (21-39 years) participated in this randomized, dietary cross-over study and received two test meals (matched in energy and energy giving nutrients) after an overnight fast with 1 week between test days. The conventional fast-food meal was a hamburger meal (hamburger, bacon, cola drink, calculated glycemic load = 48.7), the unconventional fast food was a salmonburger meal (fiber-rich sourdough rye bread, salad with vinegar, orange juice, glycemic load = 46.0). Blood samples were taken before and after the meal and analyzed for glucose (before 20, 40, 60 and 80 min) and insulin (before 1, 2 and 3 h).
Postprandial increases in glucose and insulin were 44% lower after the unconventional meal (P<0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). The difference between meals in insulin response (that is, conventional meal higher than unconventional) correlated with body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.538, P = 0.006).
Unconventional fast food can have less effect on blood insulin and glucose postprandially compared with conventional fast food matched in energy and energy giving nutrients. The difference between meals in insulin response is associated with higher BMI. Thus, improvement in food quality might help to control postprandial increases in blood glucose and blood insulin.
背景/目的：本研究旨在探究常规快餐和非常规快餐餐后对正常体重和超重人群代谢的影响。
对象/方法：25 名健康志愿者（正常体重 12 名，超重 13 名；年龄 21-39 岁）参与了这项随机、交叉膳食研究，在禁食过夜后，1 周内分别接受了两种测试餐（能量和能量营养素匹配）。常规快餐是汉堡套餐（汉堡、培根、可乐，计算得出的血糖负荷为 48.7），非常规快餐是三文鱼汉堡套餐（含纤维的黑麦酸面团面包、加醋沙拉、橙汁，血糖负荷为 46.0）。用餐前后采集血样，检测血糖（餐前 20、40、60 和 80 分钟）和胰岛素（餐前 1、2 和 3 小时）。
与常规餐相比，非常规餐餐后血糖和胰岛素升高分别降低了 44%（P<0.001 和 P = 0.003）。两种膳食胰岛素反应的差异（即常规餐高于非常规餐）与体重指数（BMI）相关（r = 0.538，P = 0.006）。
与能量和能量营养素匹配的常规快餐相比，非常规快餐对餐后血糖和胰岛素的影响较小。胰岛素反应的差异与 BMI 较高有关。因此，改善食物质量可能有助于控制餐后血糖和胰岛素的升高。
