Guzmán Alexis, Walsh Matthew C, Smith Stevens S, Malecki Kristen C, Nieto F Javier
Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53726, USA.
WMJ. 2012 Aug;111(4):166-71; quiz 172.
Studies have shown that laws banning smoking in public places reduce exposure to secondhand smoke, but the impact of such laws on exposure to smoke outside the home and on household smoking policies has not been well documented. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of 2009 Wisconsin Act 12, a statewide smoke-free law enacted in July 2010, among participants in the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin (SHOW).
Smoking history and demographic information was gathered from 1341 survey participants from 2008 to 2010. Smoking behaviors of independent samples of participants surveyed before and after the legislation was enacted were compared.
The smoking ban was associated with a reduction of participants reporting exposure to smoke outside the home (from 55% to 32%; P<0.0001) and at home (13% to 7%; P=0.002). The new legislation was associated with an increased percentage of participants with no-smoking policies in their households (from 74% to 80%; P=.04). The results were stronger among participants who were older, wealthier, and more educated.
Smoke-free legislation appears to reduce secondhand smoke exposure and to increase no-smoking policies in households. Further research should be conducted to see if these effects are maintained.
研究表明，禁止在公共场所吸烟的法律可减少二手烟暴露，但此类法律对家庭外烟雾暴露及家庭吸烟政策的影响尚无充分记录。本研究的目的是评估2009年威斯康星州第12号法案（一项于2010年7月颁布的全州无烟法律）对威斯康星州健康调查（SHOW）参与者的影响。
收集了2008年至2010年1341名调查参与者的吸烟史和人口统计学信息。比较了立法前后接受调查的参与者独立样本的吸烟行为。
吸烟禁令与报告在家外接触烟雾的参与者减少有关（从55%降至32%；P<0.0001），在家中接触烟雾的参与者也减少（从13%降至7%；P=0.002）。新立法与家庭中实行无烟政策的参与者比例增加有关（从74%增至80%；P=0.04）。在年龄较大、较富裕和受教育程度较高的参与者中，结果更为明显。
无烟立法似乎可减少二手烟暴露，并增加家庭中的无烟政策。应进行进一步研究，以观察这些效果是否得以维持。
