Buckmaster Adam
Department of Paediatrics, Gosford District Hospital, Central Coast Local Health District, Gosford, New South Wales, Australia.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2012 Sep;48(9):747-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2012.02537.x.
Respiratory distress is one of the commonest reasons for admission to a special care nursery (SCN) affecting between 2.5 and 5.0% of all babies born per year. While most recover with supplemental oxygen, some require transfer to a neonatal intensive care leading to significant family disruption, and financial cost. Does nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) improve outcomes in babies with respiratory distress? What are the risks of its use? Should it be used in SCNs, and, if so, what is required in order to undertake nCPAP safely? There is strong evidence to support the use of nCPAP in the treatment of babies with respiratory distress. The risk benefit ratio of providing nCPAP in SCNs depends upon many factors including the ability to maintain the skills required and the distance/time to the nearest tertiary centre. Appropriate nurseries should be identified with the aim of supporting them in the provision of nCPAP in a safe manner.
呼吸窘迫是新生儿特殊护理病房（SCN）最常见的收治原因之一，每年影响2.5%至5.0%的新生儿。虽然大多数患儿通过补充氧气可康复，但有些患儿需要转至新生儿重症监护病房，这会给家庭带来严重困扰，并产生经济成本。经鼻持续气道正压通气（nCPAP）能否改善呼吸窘迫患儿的治疗效果？使用该方法有哪些风险？是否应在新生儿特殊护理病房使用？如果是，安全进行nCPAP需要哪些条件？有强有力的证据支持在治疗呼吸窘迫患儿时使用nCPAP。在新生儿特殊护理病房提供nCPAP的风险效益比取决于许多因素，包括维持所需技能的能力以及到最近三级中心的距离/时间。应确定合适的病房，以便支持它们以安全的方式提供nCPAP。
