Center for Nanobiotechnology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2013 Apr;20(4):2593-602. doi: 10.1007/s11356-012-1161-0. Epub 2012 Sep 13.
Pesticides are an essential tool in integrated pest management. Nanopermethrin was prepared by solvent evaporation from an oil-in-water volatile microemulsion. The efficacy of the formulated nanopermethrin was tested against Aedes aegypti and the results compared to those of regular, microparticular permethrin. The 24 h LC50 for nanopermethrin and permethrin was found to be 0.0063 and 0.0199 mg/L, respectively. The formulated nanopermethrin was tested for toxicity against non-target organisms. Nanopermethrin did not show antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (ATCC 13534 and 25922) or against Bacillus subtilis. Phytotoxicity studies of nanopermethrin to the seeds of Lycopersicum esculentum, Cucumis sativus, and Zea mays showed no restraint in root length and germination percentage. In the Allium cepa test, regular microparticular permethrin treatment of 0.13 mg/L showed a mitotic index (MI) of 46.8% and chromosomal aberration of 0.6%, which was statistically significant (p < 0.05) compared to control. No significant differences were observed in 0.13 mg/L nanopermethrin exposure as compared to control (MI of 52.0 and 55.03 % and chromosomal aberration of 0.2 and 0%, respectively). It was concluded that formulated nanopermethrin can be used as a safe and effectual alternative to commercially available permethrin formulation in agricultural practices.
杀虫剂是综合虫害管理的重要工具。纳米氯菊酯是通过从油包水挥发性微乳液中蒸发溶剂制备的。所制备的纳米氯菊酯的功效对埃及伊蚊进行了测试，并与常规微颗粒氯菊酯的结果进行了比较。发现纳米氯菊酯和氯菊酯的 24 小时 LC50 分别为 0.0063 和 0.0199mg/L。还测试了所制备的纳米氯菊酯对非靶标生物的毒性。纳米氯菊酯对大肠杆菌（ATCC 13534 和 25922）或枯草芽孢杆菌没有抗菌活性。纳米氯菊酯对番茄、黄瓜和玉米种子的植物毒性研究表明，根长和发芽率没有受到抑制。在洋葱测试中，常规微颗粒氯菊酯处理 0.13mg/L 时，有丝分裂指数（MI）为 46.8%，染色体畸变率为 0.6%，与对照相比具有统计学意义（p<0.05）。与对照相比，在 0.13mg/L 的纳米氯菊酯暴露中没有观察到显著差异（MI 分别为 52.0%和 55.03%，染色体畸变率分别为 0.2%和 0%）。因此，所制备的纳米氯菊酯可作为农业实践中商业上可用的氯菊酯制剂的安全有效替代品。
