Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2012 Dec;27(12):698-704. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2012.08.012. Epub 2012 Sep 10.
Recent genomic data have found that many genes show the signal of selection. How many of these genes are undergoing heterozygote advantage selection is only beginning to be known. Initial genomic surveys have suggested that only a small proportion of loci have polymorphisms maintained by heterozygote advantage and this is consistent with the few examples generated from other approaches within given species. Unless further studies provide large numbers of loci with heterozygote advantage, it appears that loci with heterozygote advantage must be considered only a small minority of all loci in a species. This is not to say that some heterozygote advantage loci do not have important adaptive functions, but that their role in overall evolutionary change might be more of an unusual phenomenon than a major player in adaptation.
最近的基因组数据发现，许多基因显示出选择的信号。有多少个基因正在经历杂合优势选择，这才刚刚开始被人们所了解。最初的基因组调查表明，只有一小部分基因座的多态性是由杂合优势维持的，这与从给定物种的其他方法中产生的少数几个例子是一致的。除非进一步的研究提供了大量具有杂合优势的基因座，否则具有杂合优势的基因座似乎只能被认为是物种中所有基因座的一小部分。这并不是说一些具有杂合优势的基因座没有重要的适应功能，而是它们在整体进化变化中的作用可能更多的是一种不寻常的现象，而不是适应的主要参与者。
