Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, EURON, Maastricht University, Vijverdal, Postbus 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Behav Genet. 2012 Sep;42(5):778-86. doi: 10.1007/s10519-012-9553-y. Epub 2012 Jul 28.
Momentary positive affect (PA) and reward experience may underlie subjective wellbeing, and index mental health resilience. This study examines their underlying sources of variation and the covariation with stress-sensitivity. The experience sampling method was used to collect multiple appraisals of mood and daily life events in 520 female twins. Structural equation model fitting was employed to determine sources of variation of PA, reward experience, and the association between reward experience and stress-sensitivity. PA was best explained by shared and non-shared environmental factors, and reward experience by non-shared environmental factors only, although the evidence was also suggestive of a small genetic contribution. Reward experience and stress-sensitivity showed no association. PA was not heritable. Most-if not all-variance of reward experience was explained by environmental influences. Stress-sensitivity, indexing depression vulnerability, and reward experience were non-overlapping, suggesting that resilience traits are independent from stress-sensitivity levels in a general population sample.
瞬时正性情绪（PA）和奖赏体验可能是主观幸福感的基础，并能反映心理健康的弹性。本研究旨在考察其变化的潜在来源，以及与应激敏感性的变化关系。采用经验抽样法在 520 名女性双胞胎中收集了多次情绪和日常生活事件的评估。结构方程模型拟合用于确定 PA、奖赏体验的变化来源，以及奖赏体验与应激敏感性之间的关系。PA 主要由共享和非共享环境因素来解释，而奖赏体验仅由非共享环境因素来解释，尽管也有遗传因素的微弱贡献的证据。奖赏体验和应激敏感性之间没有关联。PA 没有遗传性。奖赏体验的大部分（如果不是全部）变异都可以用环境影响来解释。应激敏感性，即抑郁易感性，与奖赏体验不重叠，这表明在一般人群样本中，弹性特质与应激敏感性水平无关。
