Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2012 Oct;16(10):511-8. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2012.08.010. Epub 2012 Sep 11.
Probability has played a central role in models of perception for more than a century, but a look at probabilistic concepts in the literature raises many questions. Is being Bayesian the same as being optimal? Are recent Bayesian models fundamentally different from classic signal detection theory models? Do findings of near-optimal inference provide evidence that neurons compute with probability distributions? This review aims to disentangle these concepts and to classify empirical evidence accordingly.
概率在一个多世纪以来的感知模型中一直扮演着核心角色，但从文献中观察概率概念会引发许多问题。贝叶斯方法是否等同于最优方法？最近的贝叶斯模型是否与经典的信号检测理论模型有根本的不同？近乎最优的推断发现是否为神经元使用概率分布进行计算提供了证据？这篇综述旨在理清这些概念，并据此对经验证据进行分类。
